茶树育种与遗传研究50年基本总结

50年来，共育成浙农系列茶树新品种10个，其中包括国家级良种3个(浙农12、浙农113、浙农21)，省级良种4个(浙农121、浙农25、浙农117、浙农139)，待审定品种3个(浙农23、浙农8-8、浙农6-10)；选育出杂交新品系24个；同时，对主要经济性状的早期鉴定、部分性状的遗传动态、茶树再生系统建立和遗传转化等进行了研究并取得重要成果。主要体会有：一是茶树育种成败首先取决于是否能正确选用种质资源；二是必须深入开展早期鉴定研究；三是推广茶树良种必须与开发良种名茶相结合；四是必须加强育种理论与育种新技术的研究。

A Summation of 50-year Research on the Tea Breeding and Genetics

During the past 50 years, 10 new tea cultivars of Zhenong series were bred including three national registered tea cultivars (Zhenong 12, Zhenong 113. and Zhenong 21), four provincial registered tea cultivars (Zhenong121, Zhenong25, Zhenong117 and Zhenong139).There are three cultivars to be registered (Zhenong23, Zhenong8-8 and Zhenong6-10) and 20 other new hybrid lines. Besides, early stage evaluation of major economic traits, genetic dynamics of some traits, regeneration system of tea plant and genetic transformation were investigated and some important achievements were obtained. Finally, the following suggestions were summed up: 1. The success of tea breeding mainly depended on the correct selection of the germplasm. 2. The investigation on the early-stage evaluation needs to be enhanced. 3. The spread of registered tea cultivars must be combined with the making of the famous tea. 4. The investigation on the tea breeding theory and new breeding technique must be strengthened.