基于GPS轨迹的农机垄间作业重叠与遗漏评价

为了有效评估农机作业过程的重漏程度,该文采用地理信息系统的空间分析方法,基于GPS轨迹数据分析农机垄间作业重叠区域面积和作业遗漏区域面积,提出表征农机作业完整性、无重叠的量化评估指标,即作业重叠率和作业遗漏率。基于农田作业机械GPS轨迹的历史数据,分别计算多个地块不同农作管理过程中的作业重叠率和作业遗漏率。其中,小麦收获作业重叠率高于遗漏率,最高作业重叠率达13.30%;施肥作业遗漏率高于重叠率,最高作业遗漏率达13.80%;喷药作业重叠率高于遗漏率,最高作业重叠率达12.93%,上述结果与实际作业情况相符。结果表明,农田作业机械无导航情况下的作业重叠与遗漏显著,导致作业成本高、作业效率低,甚至会影响农田环境安全。该研究方法为农机作业过程监管提供有效地评价技术手段。

Overlap and skip evaluation for agricultural machinery operation based on GPS track logs

To evaluate swathing efficiency during agricultural machinery operation, swath overalp and skip areas were analyzed by GIS spatial analysis methods based on GPS track logs. Some assessment indexes including overlap rate for field and skip rate for field indicating agricultural machinery operation quality were proposed in this paper. Overlap rate and skip rate of some fields in different agricultural applications were calculated based on GPS track logs of agricultural machinery. In wheat harvest, overlap rate was more than skip rate, and the highest overlap rate was up to 13.30%. In fertilizer application, skip rate was more than overlap rate and the highest skip rate was up to 13.80%. In pesticide application, overlap rate was more than skip rate and the highest overlap rate was up to 12.93%. The above results reflected the actual operation situation. These results showed that there was obviously overlap or skip between swaths during agricultural machinery operation without guidance, which could lead to high operation costs, low swathing efficiency and even affect farmland environment safety. The research provides an effective evaluation tool for agricultural machinery operation supervision.