高山灌木和牧草缩合单宁含量季节变化动态研究

采用香兰素盐酸法分析了高寒草甸几种优势牧草和灌木中的可浸提缩合单宁含量季节变化动态。试验结果表明,线叶嵩草、阴山扁蓿豆、垂穗披碱草和鹅绒委陵菜等牧草和短叶锦鸡儿不含缩合单宁;珠芽蓼缩合单宁含量高,5个月的平均值为77.56g/kg DM,7月高达120.2g/kg DM;苔草显著低于珠芽蓼(p<0.01),最高时也只有6.7g/kg DM(7月);5种灌木缩合单宁含量各不相同,金露梅、红药柳、高山绣线菊、藏沙棘和鬼见锦鸡儿4个月的平均值分别为(g/kg DM):54、3、58、53、29、18、67.08和42.15,且随着季节推移,各灌木缩合单宁含量逐渐下降;而珠芽蓼和苔草从5月到7月逐渐上升,之后又开始下降。同时,分析了缩合单宁含量与植物的进化及家畜利用富含缩合单宁植物时应注意的事项。

The Seasonal Dynamics of the Condensed Tannins in Forages and Shrubs in Alpine Meadow

In this study, we detected the seasonal dynamics of the extractable condensed tannins (CT) in some dominant forages and shrubs grown in alpine meadow by using Vanillin HCl method. We did not get any CT in Kobresia capillifolia, Trigonella ruthenica, Potentilla anserina, Elymus nutans and Caragana bre-evifolia. Polygonum had the highest CT content (120.0 g/kg DM) in July, and the five-months average value was 77.56 g/kg DM, The CT content in Carex atrofusca was lower than that in Polygonum (p<0.01) and the highest content was obtained in July (6.7 g/kg DM). The CT content was different among the five shrubs, with an four-month average of 54.30, 29.18, 42,15, 67.08 and 58.53 g/kg DM for the Dasiphora fruticosa, Spiraea lapina, Caragana jubata, Hippophae tibetica and Salix mystillacea, respectively. The CT contents in Polygonum viviparum and Carex atrofusca increased from May to July, and then decreased in August and September, while the CT in shrubs decreased in the whole seasons. Meanwhile, the utilization of those feeds rich in CT and the evolution of the plants in alpine region were also discussed in this paper.