我国畜禽养殖排污许可制度及实施现状

排污许可制是我国固定污染源环境管理制度改革的重大举措，是一项以总量控制为基础、提高环境质量为目标的具有法律意义的行政制度，畜禽养殖是农业领域唯一纳入排污许可管理的行业，对规范畜禽养殖排污行为将起到积极作用。本文在剖析畜禽养殖行业排污许可制度设计思路的基础上，全面调查与总结了全国畜禽养殖行业排污许可证申请与核发情况，深入分析了当前行业排污许可证核发与监管中存在的主要问题，并针对性地提出解决对策，为规范和推动畜禽养殖行业排污许可的实施提供参考。

Pollutant discharge permit system and implementation status in livestock and poultry breeding

The emission permit system is an important measure for the reform of the environmental management system of fixed pollution sources in China. It is an administrative system with legal significance based on control of the total amount of pollutant and aimed at improving the quality of the environment. Livestock and poultry breeding is the only industry in the agricultural sector that is included in the emission permit management system, and this inclusion plays a positive role in regulating the emission behavior of this industry. Based on an analysis of the design approaches of the pollutant discharge permit system in the livestock and poultry industry, this study analyzed the main challenges existing in the issuance and supervision of pollutant discharge permits through a comprehensive investigation and summary of the sewage permit application and issuance system, and suggested corresponding countermeasures. The system is designed to provide a reference for standardizing and promoting the implementation of pollutant discharge permits in the livestock and poultry industry.