牛场粪水添加外源添加物施用后对土壤氨挥发的影响

为了控制并且减少牛场粪水还田氨挥发的产生量，采取室内培养的方法，研究牛场粪水添加不同外源添加物（腐植酸、硫酸、生物炭、柠檬酸）施用后对土壤氨挥发的影响，通过硼酸吸收法监测土壤氨挥发量，筛选牛场粪水还田最优添加物以减弱土壤氨挥发。结果表明，牛场粪水添加酸性外源添加物后施用于碱性土壤，会降低土壤氨挥发损失，酸性添加物对氨挥发抑制效果为柠檬酸 > 腐植酸 > 硫酸；牛场粪水中添加腐植酸处理土壤氨挥发量降低幅度达46.62%，且在培养的第14 d全氮含量高于其他处理；高脲酶活性可促进氨挥发增加，增加土壤硝态氮含量。研究表明，腐植酸作为外源添加物添加于牛场粪水还田后有利于降低土壤氨挥发量。

Effects of exogenous additives in cattle farm slurry on soil ammonia volatilization after application

In this study, the method of indoor cultivation was adopted to study the addition of different exogenous additives(humic acid, sulfuric acid, biochar, and citric acid)to the slurry of cattle farms. The boric acid absorption method was used to monitor the ammonia volatilization in the soil to determine the best slurry additives to reduce ammonia volatilization. The results showed that the addition of acidic exogenous additives to cattle farm slurry under alkaline soil conditions reduced the loss of ammonia in the soil. The inhibitory effect of acid additives on ammonia volatilization was in the order of citric acid > humic acid > sulfuric acid. The ammonia volatilization decreased by 46.62% and the total nitrogen content on the 14th day of culture in the humic acid treatment was higher than that of other treatments. High urease activity could promote the increase in ammonia volatilization and increase the soil nitrate nitrogen content. Studies have shown that adding humic acid as an exogenous additive in cattle farm slurry application to the field is beneficial to reduce the amount of soil ammonia volatilization, and plays an important role in protecting the soil ecological environment and improving soil fertility.