小流域治理的景观规划原则与方法

景观生态学的设计观点虽然尚未被广泛地推广应用于小流域治理实践,但在小流域治理规划中引入景观理念必然成为今后的主流趋势。小流域景观生态规划应遵循因地制宜综合治理的水土保持原则、景观多样性原则与稳定性原则等,规划方法主要包括斑块法、廊道法等5种,小流域景观生态包括农业生态景观、林业生态景观等诸多形式。建议加强景观小流域评价标准研究,以便应用景观生态学理论管理小流域,把水土保持生态工程建设同人文创造有机结合起来,使小流域的生态重建与经济发展更为和谐统一。

Principle and Method for Landscape Planning in Small Watershed Management

Although the design viewpoint of landscape ecology has not been yet widely applied to the practice of small watershed management,it will inevitably become the main tendency in the small watershed management and planning in the future.The landscape ecological planning of a small watershed should follow the principles of taking measures suited to local conditions,integrated management and diversity and stability of landscape.The planning methods mainly include five kinds,for example spot method and corridor method,etc.The landscape ecology includes various types of agricultural and forestry landscapes.It suggests strengthening the study on evaluation standard of landscaped small watersheds for management,organically combining soil and water conservation ecological engineering works with human culture creation and the ecological rebuilding more harmoniously with the economic development of a small watershed.