重庆市2005-2013年土地利用变化对植被碳储量的影响

对2005年和2013年2个年度遥感大样地采用区划判读与地面验证调查的方法，结合林地变更调查数据源，准确获得样地中的土地利用现状、土地利用变化及生物量信息，进而进行总体估算，得出重庆市2005、2013年土地利用现状及其变化数据，科学测算全市2005-2013年土地利用变化与林业活动所引起的植被碳储量变化情况，以期为林业应对气候变化、参与碳交易等工作提供有力数据支撑。结果表明:1)2005-2013年全市土地类型未发生变化面积7 169.15万hm²，发生变化面积1 070.85万hm²，变化率为13%；其中乔木林地增加38.53万hm²，年增加量4.82万hm²。2)2005、2013年植被碳储量分别是7 887.24、12 051.49万 t，分布特征表现为:乔木林地>竹林地>灌木林地>疏林地>未成林地，其中乔木林地碳主要分布于马尾松、栎类、柏木和杉木等优势树种（组）的林分中。3)2005-2013年全市植被碳储量增加4 164.25万t，增长率为52.80%，其中土地利用变化导致的增加量1 208万t，年增量151万t，表明该区域土地利用变化对植被碳库具有明显的增汇效应。

Impact of Land Use Change on Forest Carbon Storage during 2005-2013 in Chongqing

In order to provide data support for the forestry departments to deal with the issues such as the challenge of climate change and carbon sequestration,the carbon stock changes caused by land use and forestry activity were calculated and evaluated scientifically during 2005-2013 in Chongqing area.The large-scale plot images of remote sensing in the year of 2005 and 2013 in Chongqing were interpreted,ground investigation was carried out.Combining with the forestland survey data,relative information was accurately obtained,such as current land use situation,changes in land use,and biomass of ground vegetations.The carbon reserve variation caused by land use change and forestry activity was obtained.The results showed that 1) the area of land use change was 10 708 500 hm²,accounting for about 13% of the total area of Chongqing.The area in which the land use pattern was not changed was 71 691 500 hm².The area of arbor forest increased by 385 300 hm² with an annual increment of 48 200 hm².2) The vegetation carbon storages in the year of 2005 and 2013 were 78 872 400 t,120 514 900 t,respectively.The carbon storage for different land vegetations were in the order of arbor forest>bamboo>shrub>open forest>other forestland.The carbon reserve was concentrated in Pinus massoniana forest,Quercus forest,Cupressus funebris forest and Cunninghamia lanceolata forest.3) During 2005-2013,the total increase amount of forest carbon storage was 41 642 500 t,in which the growth of carbon stock caused by land use change was 12.08 million t with an increase rate of 1.51 million t·a^-1,which indicated that the land use change of Chongqing area had a significant effect on carbon sink.