不同磷水平下幼套球囊霉与禾草内生真菌对多年生黑麦草生长的影响

通过盆栽试验探究了4个磷（P）水平（0、10 mg·kg^-1、20 mg·kg^-1、30 mg·kg^-1）下，丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus，AMF）幼套球囊霉（Claroideoglomus etunicatum）与禾草内生真菌（Epichloё）对多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne）生长、养分吸收、光合特性和磷酸酶活性的影响。供试多年生黑麦草植株分别由含有禾草内生真菌（E⁺）和不含禾草内生真菌（E^-）的种子建植获得。结果表明：AMF对植物生长的促生效应可通过适量P添加得到加强；内生真菌增加了黑麦草的生物量和养分含量，并与AMF间存在交互效应，抑制其侵染，侵染率降低15.85%~20.03%；二者共同作用（AMF⁺E⁺）的地上生物量较AMF^-E⁺降低1.45%~17.74%，P₀和P₁₀（10 mg·kg^-1）水平下高于AMF⁺E^-处理，P₂₀（20 mg·kg^-1）和P₃₀（30 mg·kg^-1）相反。对全P含量的影响与对生物量的影响趋势基本一致。AMF⁺E⁺处理的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度高于或介于AMF^-E⁺和AMF⁺E^-之间，磷酸酶活性低于或介于AMF^-E⁺和AMF⁺E^-之间。说明较适P水平加强了微生物效应，利于植物生长。

Effects of Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Grass Endophyte on the Growth of Lolium perenne under Different Phosphorus Levels

Pots based experiment was performed with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne ) seeds that infected with grass endophyte (E⁺) and without grass endophyte (E^-) to determine the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Claroideoglomus etunicatum and grass endophyte Epichloë on plant growth,nutrient absorption,photosynthetic characteristics and phosphatase activities under 0,10 mg·kg^-1,20 mg·kg^-1 and 30 mg·kg^-1 phosphorus levels. The results showed that:The promoting effects of AMF on plant growth can be enhanced by adding an appropriate amount of phosphorus. Grass endophyte increased biomass and nutrient contents of perennial ryegrass,and endophyte had interactions with AMF by inhibiting the infection of AMF,colonization decreased by 15.85~20.03%. The aboveground biomass of AMF⁺E⁺ treatment was 1.45%~17.74% lower than that of AMF^-E⁺,which was higher than that of AMF⁺E^- under P₀ and P₁₀(10 mg·kg^-1),lower than that of under P₂₀ (20 mg·kg^-1) and P₃₀(30 mg·kg^-1). The effect on total phosphorus content was basically the same trend as that of on biomass. The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of AMF⁺E⁺ treatment were higher or between AMF^-E⁺ and AMF⁺E^-,and phosphatase activity was lower or between AMF^-E⁺ and AMF⁺E^-. The appropriate phosphorus level enhances the microbial effect,and beneficial to plant growth.