造林对铁尾矿地养分含量及物种多样性的影响

金属矿产开采过程中形成的大量尾矿给当地带来了严重的生态环境问题,因此对于尾矿的生态治理一直是人们关注的焦点(蓝崇钰等,1996;束文圣等,2000;郝秀珍等,2005)。铁尾矿是尾矿的一种,它是由铁矿石直接粉碎而成,其物理化学性质与普通土壤有很大不同,给生态治理带来很大困难。从

Impacts of Forestation on the Nutrient Content and Biodiversity of Iron Tailing Land

Soil nutrient content and biodiversity were investigated on the iron tailing land to detect impacts of forestation on the nutrient content and biodiversity. The results showed that the iron tailing had much lower contents of organic materials and available N than ordinary soil, and the iron tailing with forestation of Hippophae rhamnoides or Amorpha fruticos had higher contents of the two nutrients than the iron tailing without forestation. The species diversity index (including Simpson index and Shannon-Weiner index) and species richness index of the iron tailing with forestation of Hippophae rhamnoides or Amorpha fruticos were higher than that of the iron tailing without forestation, and the two indexes reached to the level of the nearby natural shrub forest. It was concluded that forestation was able to improve the soil nutrient condition of iron tailing in favor of the settlement of other species invaders, and to increase the species diversity. It would be a feasible way for iron tailings management to introduce the suitable plant species into the droughty and arid iron tailing land to enrich it and raise species diversity gradually.