辽宁省粳型超级稻品种生物产量与光合特性研究

【目的】辽宁省近年育成一批在生产上推广应用的超级稻品种或杂交组合,为北方粳稻单产水平的再次提高做出了重大的贡献,本研究旨在探讨辽宁省超级稻品种高产的主要成因及光合特点。【方法】以盐丰47和辽星1号2个中晚熟超级粳稻品种为试材,以辽粳9号为对照品种,种植于大田,对其生物产量、稻谷产量、光合特性等进行调查分析。【结果】2个超级稻品种的生物产量和稻谷都显著高于辽粳9号。盐丰47生物产量和收获指数都高于对照品种,产量水平最高,辽星1号的生物产量最高,收获指数略低于对照,产量水平居第2位。超级稻品种出穗后光合生产能力高于对照品种。【结论】增加或保持现有品种的收获指数,增加品种生物产量,并提高品种的生育后期叶源量和光合速率是今后水稻超高产育种的主要技术途径。

Study on Biomass and Photosynthesis Characteristics of Japonica Super Rice Varieties in Liaoning Province

Recently,a series of super rice varieties and hybrids were developed in Liaoning,which makes a great distribution to yield increasing of rice in north China.The reason for high yield formation and photosynthetic characters of super rice varieties in Liaoning were studied in the paper and the results showed that the biomass and grain yield of two super rice varieties surpassed those of Liaojing 9,the control.The biomass and harvest index of Yanfeng 47 were higher than those of control.Liaoxing 1 had higher biomass but lower harvest index than control and the yield was lower than Yanfeng 47.The photosynthetic abilities of super rice varieties after anthesis were higher than control.Therefore,the breeding approach for super high yield is to increase or maintain harvest index,increase biomass and green leaf area and photosynthetic rate at late growth stage.