基于GIS的国内外流域水土资源模拟模型研究评析

流域模拟正在发展为水、沙和溶质运动的多相流动过程的研究,考虑了诸如养分、农药等输移过程,并按能量、质量的传输过程来测定和分析三者之间的相互作用。遥感与GIS技术的兴起为流域模拟提供了更为强大的表达工具,充分利用了GIS的空间与属性数据库管理功能及强大的分析与可视化功能,将是今后流域水土资源模拟模型发展的方向。为此,着重从基于GIS流域模拟模型发展情况、GIS与流域模型集成方式及空间离散方法的发展等几方面,对国内外近期流域模拟研究的现状进行了评析。

Review of the Technology of Distributed Physical Models System for Simulating Geographic Processes

It is an effective way to realize the highly quantitative study on the geographical process that associates with main geographical factors such as climate, hydrology, topographic features, soil, vegetation and human activities with geographical process by selecting suitable spatial scales and using mathematic models based on computer. Distributed simulation study supported by RS and GIS have developed. Some models were developed to simulate the runoff and sediment yield of a watershed. The article mainly introduced some developed dimensions in the watershed simulation such as integrated technology of models, integration of GIS and models, the used of DEM data.