小麦和玉米(20+40)cm种植模式农艺措施的研究

以冬小麦沈农138和玉米唐抗5为试材,采用四因子二次通用旋转组合设计,以小麦播量、小麦施肥量、玉米密度、玉米施肥量为决策变量,研究了肥密因素对混合产量的影响;并以米麦混合产量为目标函数,建立了主要农艺栽培措施与产量关系的二次多项式回归数学模型,通过频数寻优定量化提出了(20+40)cm模式复合群体实现高产的综合农艺措施优化组合方案。结果表明,两作物产量与产量三因素偏相关系数均达极显著水平,密肥因素主要是通过穗数和穗粒数来影响玉米产量、通过千粒重来影响小麦的产量,并且混合产量的高低主要取决于玉米单产。产量关系模型的分析结果表明,单因子对混合产量影响的大小顺序为:玉米密度(x3)>小麦播量(x1)>玉米施肥量(x4)>小麦施肥量(x2)。边际产量表现出报酬递减规律。

The research of agronomic measure for cropping pattern in wheat and maize

By the experiment,a four-factor conic regressive mathematics model was set up to describe the relation between agronomic measure and yield in winter wheat Shen Nong 138 and Tang Kang 5.The effects of different fertilizations and densities on total yields were studied in the experiment.Its goal function was the total yield of wheat and maize and the decisive variables were the number of wheat seeding,amount of wheat fertilizers,maize sowing density and amount of maize fertilizer.According to the experiment results and optimum frequency selection,an optimum cross scheme of synthesis agricultural cultivation measures was put forward to realize high-yield of(20+40) cm model.The main results as follows: In the study of the relationships between yield and yield compositions,the partial correlation analysis indicated that all correlation coefficients had significant level.The yield of maize was effected by fertilizations and densities through ear numbers and grain number per ear,that of wheat was effected through 1 000-grain weight,and maize yield was a key point to total yields in the maize/wheat intercropping systems.The result of yield relation model analysis indicated that the sequences of single factor effects on total yields were: maize density,wheat seeding amount,maize fertilizer,wheat fertilizer,depressively in turn.The edge yield showed the regulation of depressed remuneration.