不同施钾量对陆地棉干物质积累、养分吸收和产量的影响

[目的]研究不同施钾量对北疆陆地棉棉花干物质积累、养分吸收和产量的影响效应.[方法]采用单因子随机区组设计,设6个施钾处理,进行田间小区试验.[结果]不同施钾量处理棉株干物质积累动态变化规律可用“S”曲线方程拟合,且干物质积累速率均呈单峰曲线变化,峰值出现在出苗后约105 d左右；其中,中等施钾量的K4处理,棉株地上部总干物质、茎叶干物质和蕾铃干物质生长的最快时期提前,关键时期持续期长,干物质积累量和积累速率增加.不同施钾处理下陆地棉氮、磷、钾的吸收符合Logistic生长函数模型.各处理棉花钾素的吸收集中在出苗后的25～90 d,其中65 d左右吸钾量占生育期总吸收量的近60;.[结论]在一定范围内增加钾肥的用量可以促进棉株对氮、磷养分的吸收.增施钾肥使陆地棉的单株铃数和单铃重显著增加,中等施钾量的K4处理皮棉产量达到1 785.88 kg/hm2,比未施肥处理提高了52.20;.

Effect of Different Amounts of Potassium on Dry Matter Accumulation,Nutrient Absorption and Yield of Land Cotton

[Objective]The purpose of this project was to study the effect of different amounts of potassium on dry matter accumulation,nutrient absorption and yield of land cotton in Northern Xinjiang through field experiments.[Method]The pure potassium factor of randomized block designs was applied and 6 levels of potassium application were set up to carry out field biotope experiments.[Result]The dynamic change of different amounts of K processing of dry matter accumulation is like a " S" curve equation fitting, and dry matter accumulation rate changes are in a single - peak curve.Spikes happen about 105 days or so after seedling;among them,the fastest growth period of the total dry matter of the land cotton,dry matter of leaves and stems shift to a earlier date processed by moderate amount of K of K_4 and the key period lasts a long period.Dry matter accumulation amount and accumulation rate increase,too.Under different amounts of K processing,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium absorption of the land cotton accord with logistic growth function model.The absorption of potassium of the processed cotton are mainly within 25 - 90 days after seedling,and about 65 days later,the uptake of potassium accounts for nearly 60%of the total in the whole growth period.[Conclusion]The increased amount of K in a certain range can promote the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients,thus significantly increasing the number and weight of the land cotton bolls.Moderate amount of K of K_4 processing can make the lint yield arrive at 1785.88 kg /hm~2,which is a 52.20%higher than the cotton untreated by K fertilizer.