食用担子菌接种对棉花秸秆消化性改善效果研究

【目的】对棉花秸秆进行食用担子菌接种处理,研究其改善棉花秸秆消化性的效果。【方法】分别选香菇(Lentinus edodes(Berk.)sing)和平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)供接种培养。以粉碎棉花秸秆为基料,添加麦麸、玉米粉、尿素、石膏、石灰、蔗糖、过磷酸钙等试剂的培养料,简易蒸汽灭菌后供担子菌接种,在20～22℃,空气相对湿度约70%的发菌室内培养30和60 d后供取样分析。【结果】菌丝伸长速度平菇优于香菇,但培养60 d后两种菌菌丝均能覆盖培养基;培养60 d后,两菌种都能降低培养基的纤维成分,提高粗蛋白含量和干物质消化率,平菇的作用效果优于香菇(P<0.01)。电镜观察表明菌丝能穿透和溶解棉花秸秆细胞壁。【结论】以80%棉花秸秆为主配料接种平菇培养1～2月,能显著提高粗蛋白含量和干物质消化率,其粗蛋白含量和干物质消化率分别达到11.65%和59.54%。

Improvement Effect of Edible Basidiomycete Inoculation on the Digestibility of Cotton Stalk

Objective]The purpose of this research was to study the effect of edible basidiomycete inoculation on improvement the digestibility of cotton stalk.Method】Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus were selected for inoculation.After steam sterilization,the mixed medium was inoculated with each of edible basidiomycetes and cultured at Hyphal compartment(about 20 -22℃,humidity 70%) for 30 and 60 days for sample analysis.Result]The results showed that mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus extended faster than Lentinus edodes,however,the hyphae of two strains can cover the whole medium 60 days after inoculation culture.Both basidiomycete decreased the fiber components,increased crude protein(CP) content and improved the in vitro dry matter digestibility,but the Pleurotus ostreatus basidiomycetes effect was better than Lentinus edodes(P<0.01).The electron microscope observation confirmed that the mycelium can penetrate and dissolve the cell walls of cotton stalk.Conclusion]The results showed 80%of cotton stalk - based ingredients inoculated with Pleurotus ostreatus cultured 1-2 months can significantly increase the CP content and the IVDMD,and the CP content and IVDMD of cotton stalks after inoculation reach up to 11.65%and 59.54%,respectively.