钾肥用量对甜瓜生长发育、产量及品质的影响

[目的]研究甜瓜在膜下滴灌栽培条件下对甜瓜生长发育及产量品质的影响.[方法]田间小区试验,施钾量不同处理为:0、75、150、225 kg/hm2.[结果](1)随施钾量的增加,干物质积累快增期(△t)延长,施钾处理比不施钾处理延长了1～6d;施钾增加了甜瓜在At时期内的干物质积累量,在快增期时施钾处理单株积累量比不施钾处理增加95.15～139.67 g；Ko、K1、K2、K3各处理总干物质积累速率依次在播种后63、66、65、64 d达到最大值.(2)合理施用钾肥,有利于甜瓜茎粗增长,成熟期K2处理比K0、K3处理的茎粗值分别高出3.49、3.17 mm.(3)施钾量在150 kg/hm2时,叶绿素含量、含糖量达到最大值.(4)施钾对甜瓜有明显的增产作用,施钾量在150 kg/hm2时,甜瓜产量达到最大值31 223 kg/hm2.[结论]在经一元二次方程模拟后得出钾肥最佳经济施用量为116 kg/hm2.

Effect of Potassium Rate on Growth,Yield and Quality of Rock Melon

[Objective]Study of melon under mulch drip irrigation cultivation conditions on the growth and development of melon and on its yield and quality.[Method]Through field experiments,effects of different rates of potassium;0,75,150,225 kg/hm on melon growth and development,yield and quality were studied under drip irrigation cultivation conditions.[Result]The results showed that;(1) With increased potassium amount,the fast growth period of dry matter accumulation(△t) prolonged.It extended 1-6 days with the K fertilizer treatments than that without K fertilizer treatments.The potassium increased dry matter accumulation in the At period;potassium in the fast growth period to deal with a single plant accumulation increased the weight by 95.15 - 139.67 g;the total dry matter accumulation rate with treatments of K_0,K_1,K_2 and K_3 reach maximum level 63,66,65 and 64 d after sowing,respectively.(2) The rational application of potash fertilizer is conducive to the melon stem growth.The stem with K_2 processing in maturation period is re- spectively 3.49 and 3.17 mm higher than those with K_0 and K_3 processing.(3) Chlorophyll content and sugar content reach their maximum with the amount 150 kg/hm~2 of potassium.(4) Significant stimulation effect of potassium is found on the melon,and the yield reaches the maximum of 31 223 kg/hm with the amount of potassium in 150 kg/hm.[Conclusion]The optimum economic application rate of potassium is 116 kg/hm2 by the simulation of a quadratic equation.