盐津乌骨鸡MyoG和IGF-1基因表达及其与生长、屠宰性状的相关性分析

为研究肌细胞生成素（myogenin，MyoG）和胰岛素样生长因子1（insulin-like growth factor 1，IGF-1）基因表达量对家禽生长发育的影响，试验以体型差异较大的盐津乌骨鸡和大围山微型鸡为材料，分别测定300日龄鸡的体重、体尺和屠宰性状来进行比较分析，检测胸肌、腿肌和肝脏中MyoG和IGF-1基因mRNA的相对表达量，将生长、屠宰性状与基因的相对表达量进行两两相关性分析。结果显示，盐津乌骨鸡体重、体尺和屠宰性状等指标均高于大围山微型鸡，同时盐津乌骨鸡胸肌、腿肌和肝脏中MyoG和IGF-1基因的表达量也高于大围山微型鸡，表达量趋势为：胸肌 > 腿肌 > 肝脏；相关性分析结果显示，两个品种鸡胸肌、腿肌和肝脏中MyoG和IGF-1基因的表达量与体重、体尺和屠宰性状等指标呈显著正相关（P<0.05），其中MyoG基因的相对表达量与除胸深外的所有性状均呈极显著相关（P<0.01），而IGF-1基因的相对表达量与体重、体斜长、胸深、胸骨长均呈显著相关（P<0.05）。因此，MyoG、IGF-1基因可作为盐津乌骨鸡和大围山微型鸡的生长性状候选基因来进行选育。

Expression of MyoG and IGF-1 Genes and Its Correlation Analysis with Growth and Slaughter Traits of Yanjin Black-bone Chickens

In order to study the effect of myogenin (MyoG) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) genes expression on the growth and development of poultry,Yanjin Black-bone and Daweishan Mini chickens with large differences in body size were chosen.At the age of 300 days,the body weight,body size and slaughter traits of 20 chickens were measured for comparative analysis,and the relative expression of MyoG and IGF-1 genes mRNA in chest muscle,leg muscle and liver were detected.Finally,the correlation between growth and slaughter traits and gene relative expression were analyzed,respectively.The results showed that the body weight,body size and slaughter traits of Yanjin Black-bone chickens were higher than that of Daweishan Mini chickens.Moreover,the expression of MyoG and IGF-1 genes in chest muscle,leg muscle and liver of Yanjin Black-bone chickens were also higher than that of Daweishan Mini chickens,and the expression trend was as follows:Chest muscle > leg muscle > liver.Correlation analysis results showed that the expression of MyoG and IGF-1 genes in pectoralis muscle,leg muscle and liver of Yanjin Black-bone and Daweishan Mini chickens were significantly positively correlated with body weight,body size and slaughter traits (P<0.05).The relative expression of MyoG gene was extremely significantly correlated with all the traits except chest depth (P<0.01),but the relative expression of IGF-1 gene was significantly correlated with body weight,body length,chest depth and sternum length (P<0.05).Therefore,MyoG and IGF-1 genes could be used as candidate genes for growth traits of Yanjin Black-bone and Daweishan Mini chickens for breeding.