富含棉籽肽发酵棉粕对AA肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响

试验旨在研究富含棉籽肽的发酵棉粕（枯草芽孢杆菌-1和扣囊复膜酵母Su 2019混菌发酵）对AA肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响。试验选取240羽1日龄健康的AA肉鸡母雏，根据体重相近原则分为4组，对照组（CK，添加6%棉粕），试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（分别添加4%、6%、8%富含棉籽肽发酵棉粕），每组4个重复，每个重复15羽鸡。试验分为1~21和22~42日龄两个阶段，试验期42 d。每个阶段结束时，对肉鸡称重，采集血液样本，测定每个阶段肉鸡的生长性能和免疫功能指标。结果表明：①与CK相比，Ⅱ组肉鸡21 d 平均日增重（ADG）极显著提高（P<0.01），且显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅲ组肉鸡42 d平均日采食量（ADFI）显著提高（P<0.05），且极显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.01）；②与CK相比，Ⅲ组肉鸡21 d胸腺指数显著增加（P<0.05），且其42 d胸腺指数显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅱ组42 d法氏囊指数极显著提高（P<0.01）；③Ⅲ组肉鸡21 d吞噬指数显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组42 d吞噬指数均显著高于CK（P<0.05）；④Ⅲ组肉鸡21 d的IL-2、IL-1β含量显著高于CK和Ⅰ组（P<0.05），IL-6含量极显著高于CK（P<0.01）；与CK相比，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组42 d的IL-2含量均显著提高（P<0.05），Ⅲ组IL-1β极显著提高，而IL-6含量极显著降低（P<0.01），Ⅰ、Ⅲ组TNF-α含量极显著提高（P<0.01）；⑤与CK相比，试验Ⅲ组肉鸡21 d的IgM、IgA含量极显著提高（P<0.01），Ⅰ组IgG含量极显著高于其他组（P<0.01）；Ⅱ组42 d的IgM和IgA含量均极显著提高（P<0.01）。综上所述，肉鸡日粮中添加一定比例的富含棉籽肽的发酵棉粕，可以提高肉鸡的生长性能和免疫功能。

Effects of Cottonseed Peptide-rich Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance and Immune Functions in AA Broilers

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cottonseed peptide-rich fermented cottonseed meal (by Bacillus subtilis-1 and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera complex bacterias) on growth performance and immune function of AA broilers.240 one-day-old female broilers were randomly allocated into 4 dietary treatments,with 4 replicates in each treatment and 15 birds per replicate.6% cottonseed meal was added in the diet of control group(CK),and 4%,6% and 8% fermented cottonseed meal rich in cottonseed peptide were added in the diets of experimental groupsⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,respectively.The experiment was divided into two stages:1 to 21 d and 22 to 42 d.The broilers were weighed and blood samples were collected at the end of each stage,and the growth performance and immune function indexes were measured.The results showed that:①Compared with CK,the ADG of group Ⅱ was extremely significantly increased at 21 d (P<0.01),and it was significantly higher than groupⅠ(P<0.05).The ADFI of group Ⅲ was significantly increased (P<0.05),and it was extremely significantly higher than groupⅡ(P<0.01) at 42 d.②Compared with CK,the thymus index of group Ⅲ was significantly increased (P<0.05),and it was significantly higher than groupⅠ(P<0.05) at 21 d.The bursa of Fabricius index of groupⅡ was extremely significantly increased at 42 d (P<0.01).③ At 21 d,the phagocytic indices of group Ⅲ was significant higher than the other treatment groups (P<0.05),the phagocytic indices of groupⅠand Ⅱ was significantly higher than CK at 42 d (P<0.05).④ At 21 d,the IL-2 and IL-1β contents of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than CK and groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the IL-6 contents of group Ⅲ was extremely significantly higher than CK (P<0.01).At 42 d,compared with CK,the IL-2 contents of all experimental groups was significantly increased (P<0.05),the IL-1β contents of group Ⅲ was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),while the IL-6 contents of group Ⅲ was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).Meanwhile,the TNF-α contents of groupsⅠand Ⅲ was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).⑤ Compared with CK,IgM and IgA contents of group Ⅲ was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the IgG contents of groupⅠwas extremely significantly higher than the other treatment groups at 21 d (P<0.01).At 42 d,the IgM and IgA contents of group Ⅱ was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).In conclusion,adding certain proportion of fermented cottonseed meal rich in cottonseed peptide could improve the growth performance and immune function in broilers.