武夷名丛茶树种质资源矿质元素含量特征分析

为探明武夷山茶区特色武夷名丛茶树种质资源的矿质元素含量特征，并对其进行鉴定评价，测定了28份武夷名丛中18种矿质元素含量，采用主成分分析方法进行矿质元素含量综合评价。结果表明：28份武夷名丛中18种矿质元素含量存在比较丰富的遗传变异性，矿质元素平均含量由高到低顺序为K>P>S>Mg>Ca>Mn>Al>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ba>B>Ti>Ni>Cr>Co>Se，变异系数在12.65%(P)~47.86%(Fe)之间，遗传多样性指数在166（Ti）~2.47(Ca)之间；Ca、K、P、S、Al、B、Na、Cr、Cu、Mn、Se、Zn 12种元素含量呈正态分布，Mg、Ba、Co、Fe、Ni、Ti 6种元素含量呈偏态分布；相关性分析表明，各元素之间存在复杂的关联性；基于矿质元素的聚类分析将28份武夷名丛茶树种质资源聚为3个类群；通过主成分分析，将18种矿质元素综合为6个主成分，能够反映 18种矿质元素78.30%的信息，Al、Fe、Cu、P、Mg、Co是武夷名丛种质资源的特征元素，主成分综合得分排名前五位的武夷名丛为石乳、小红袍、大红袍、醉贵姬和向天梅，可作为良好的育种材料。研究结果可为武夷名丛茶树种质资源的开发利用和乌龙茶新品种选育与产品开发提供科学依据。

Characteristics Analysis of Mineral Element Contents in Wuyi Mingcong Tea Plant Germplasm Resources

In order to investigate and evaluate the characteristics of mineral elements in Wuyi Mingcong tea plant germplasms form Wuyi mountain tea area, the content of 18 mineral elements in 28 Wuyi Mingcong tea plant germplasms were determined by ICP-OES and analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that: there were abundant genetic variations among the 28 Wuyi Mingcong tea plant germplasms in the content of mineral elements. The average contents of 18 mineral elements were followed by the order of K>P>S>Mg>Ca>Mn>Al>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ba>B>Ti>Ni>Cr>Co>Se. The coefficient of variation was ranged from 12.65% (P) to 47.86% (Fe) and the genetic diversity index was ranged from 1.66(Ti) to 2.47(Ca). Contents of Ca, K, P, S, Al, B, Na, Cr, Cu, Mn, Se, Zn obeyed the normal distribution and contents of Mg, Ba, Co, Fe, Ni, Ti obeyed skew distribution by W test. Correlation analysis showed that there was a complex correlation among these elements. The 28 Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasm samples were divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis. The result of factor analysis showed that Al, Fe, Cu, P, Mg and Co were the characteristic elements of Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasm, and 6 principal components were attributed from 18 mineral elements traits, which covered 78.30% message of 18 kinds of mineral elements .The top five Wuyi Mingcong tea cultivars for synthesis scores were followed by the order of ‘Shiru’, ‘Xiaohongpao’, ‘Dahongpao’, ‘Zuiguiji’ and ‘Xiangtianmei’, which could be used as good materials in Oolong tea plant cultivating. Our results could provide a scientific basis for the utilization of Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasms, new variety breeding and product developing of Oolong tea.