一个竹根姜高秆突变系的表型评价及生理鉴定

以栽培种渝姜1号(YJ1)为野生型对照,对增产竹根姜高秆突变系(HM15)的表型特征、细胞学以及抗性、品质相关指标进行鉴定分析和评价。结果表明,与野生型相比,HM15的株高、根鲜质量、叶鲜质量、茎鲜质量以及根茎鲜质量均显著或极显著增加,而出苗率、成熟期、茎粗和分枝数无显著差异;从幼苗期到收获期,通过对增长幅度最大的倒3节间的横、纵切片的细胞学观察发现,HM15的株高是由节间长度决定的,与节间数无关,而茎秆细胞体积变大是引起HM15节间变长的原因;HM15的茎秆中3种与促进生长有关的激素油菜素内酯(BR)、生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA_3)含量均显著或极显著高于对照YJ1,而生长抑制型激素脱落酸(ABA)含量则显著低于对照;强光逆境下HM15叶片内防御酶过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性以及次生物质总酚(TP)、木质素(lignin)含量均显著或极显著高于对照YJ1;收获期HM15根茎中关键性功能成分6-姜酚(6-Gingerol)的含量显著高于对照YJ1,粗纤维含量则显著低于对照。HM15可作为优良的育种材料,为后期对控制突变相关基因的定位、图位克隆、功能分析以及育种利用奠定基础。

Phenotypic Evaluation and Physiological Identification of a Height Mutant Line from Zhugen Ginger

Taking cultivated variety ‘Yujiang No.1’as the contrast of wild type（WT），this study conducted identification and evaluation on phenotypic characteristics，cytology，resistance and quality， etc. relative indexes of yield increasing Zhugen ginger height mutant line（HM15）．The results showed that comparing with WT，the plant height，weights of fresh root，leaf，stem and tuber were all significantly or extremely significantly increased．While，there were no distinct deferences in emergence rate，maturity period，stem thickness and branching numbers．Cytological observation from seedling stage to harvest time by transverse and longitudinal sections of reciprocal No.3 internode having the largest increasing indicated that the plant height of HM15 was determined by internode length，and having nothing to do with internode number．The expand of stem cell volume was the reason for internode elongating．The contents of 3 stimulating growth hormones，including brassinosteroid （BR），auxin（IAA） and gibberellin（GA3） in HM15 stems were signifi cantly higher or extremely signifi cantly higher than that of WT，while the content of growth inhibiting hormone abscisic acid（ABA）was signifi cantly lower than that of WT．The activities of defense enzymes peroxidase（POD）， superoxide dismutase（ SOD） and contents of total biomass（TP）and lignin i n HM15 leaves were significantly higher or extremely signifi cantly higher than those of WT under strong light stress．During harvest time，the contents of critical function 6-Gingerol in tuber was signifi cantly higher than that of WT and crude fi ber in HM15 tuber was signifi cantly lower than that of WT．So HM15 can be used as an excellent breeding material．The results of this study have laid a foundation for gene location，map-based cloning，function analysis and breeding utilization．