核桃青皮水提物对肉鸡肠道微生物菌群结构的影响

试验旨在研究核桃青皮水提物对肉鸡肠道微生物菌群丰度和多样性的影响，初步揭示核桃青皮水提物对肉鸡肠道微生物菌群结构的影响。选取240只1日龄本地土杂鸡，随机分为2组，1个对照组和1个试验组，每个组设4个重复，每个重复30只。试验组于28日龄开始在饮水中添加核桃青皮水提物，6周后，每个重复采集10份肉鸡肛门棉拭子，利用Illumina Miseq测序平台对微生物16S rDNA V3-V4区扩增产物进行双端测序，分析微生物群落结构多样性。高通量测序结果显示，所有样本共含有个17菌门和48个菌属；多样性指数分析结果表明，饲喂核桃青皮水提物的肉鸡肠道菌群丰富度增加。从门水平分析，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）丰度升高了2.21%（P > 0.05），变形杆菌门（Proteobacteria）丰度降低了2.22%（P > 0.05）；从属水平上分析，大肠杆菌属（Escherichia）丰度降低了5.35%（P < 0.05），肠球菌属（Enterococcus）丰度升高了9.63%（P < 0.05）。本研究结果表明，饲喂核桃青皮水提物后肉鸡肠道菌群多样性显著增加（P < 0.05），据此推测，核桃青皮水提物能有效调节肉鸡肠道菌群并有益于肠道健康。

A Effect of Walnut Green Husks Extract on Intestinal Microorganisms in Broilers

The experiment was aimed to study the abundance and diversity of the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens by feeding water extract from walnut green husks,and to explore the effect of water extract from walnut green husks on the intestinal microflora community structure of broiler.A total of 240 local chickens of 1 day old were randomly divided into 2 groups,the control group and test group,with 4 replicates in each group and 30 chickens in one replicate.The experimental group began to feed the water extract of walnut green husks at 28 days of age.After feeding for 6 weeks,10 fecal samples were collected from each replicate,and the changes in number and structure of intestinal flora were compared by 16S rDNA V3-V4 region high-throughput sequencing.The high-throughput sequencing results showed that all samples contained a total of 17 phyla and 48 genera;The results of diversity index analysis showed that the intestinal flora richness on broiler chicken fed water extracts were increased.From the level of the phylum,the abundance of Firmcutes bacteria increased by 2.208% (P > 0.05),and the abundance of Proteobacteria decreased by 2.218% (P > 0.05).On the genus level,the abundance of Escherichia coli was reduced by 5.35% (P < 0.05).The abundance of the Enterococcus was increased by 9.63% (P < 0.05).The results showed that the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora of broilers increased significantly after feeding the water extract of walnut green husks (P < 0.05).In conclusion,the water extract of walnut green husks could effectively regulate the intestinal flora of broilers and had beneficial effect on intestinal health.