不同钙磷配比及浓度对多花黑麦草生长特性的影响

为揭示多花黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum Lamk）对不同钙磷环境的适应机制，设置3个不同钙磷比（1∶1、2∶1、5∶1），每个钙磷比下设置两种钙磷浓度，以不添加钙和磷的营养液处理为对照，探讨不同钙磷水平下多花黑麦草形态和生理指标的变化；并利用隶属函数综合评价法来筛选适宜多花黑麦草生长的钙磷配比及浓度。结果表明：①Ca/P比为1∶1时，随Ca2+、P浓度的增加，株高、叶宽、光合色素和脯氨酸（proline, Pro）含量均呈下降趋势，丙二醛（malondialdehyde, MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase, SOD）活性呈升高趋势；②Ca/P比为2∶1时，随Ca2+、P的增加，株高、叶宽存在一定的下降，叶绿素含量、MDA含量和SOD活性差异不显著，类胡萝卜素和Pro含量升高；③Ca/P比为5∶1时，随Ca2+、P浓度的增加，株高、叶宽、光合色素含量升高，MDA含量下降，Pro含量和SOD活性变化不明显；④P浓度相同时，随着Ca2+浓度的增加，叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量和SOD活性呈降低趋势；⑤通过隶属函数综合评价，多花黑麦草适宜生长的Ca、P浓度分别为50和10 mg·kg-1。以上结果为多花黑麦草的栽培种植和钙磷响应机理研究提供理论依据。

Influences of Different Ca/P Ratios and Concentrations on Growth Characteristics of Lolium multiflorum

In order to reveal the adaptation mechanism of Lolium multiflorum Lamk in response to different calcium and phosphorus environments, three different calcium-phosphorus ratios, including 1∶1, 2∶1, 5∶1, and two calcium-phosphorus concentrations at each calcium-phosphorus ratio (Ca/P ratio) were carried out. The variations of morphological and physiological indexes of L. multiflorum under different treatments were analyzed. The comprehensive evaluation method of membership function was used to screen the suitable Ca/P ratio and their concentrations for the growth of L. multiflorum. The results showed that: ① with the increase of Ca2+, P concentrations under 1∶1 of Ca/P ratio, the plant height, leaf width, contents of photosynthetic pigments, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and proline (Pro) content of L. multiflorum decreased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased. ② With the increase of Ca2+, P concentrations under 2∶1 of Ca/P ratio, the plant height and leaf width decreased in various degrees, carotenoid and Pro content increased, however the photosynthetic pigments contents, MDA content and SOD activity had no significant changes. ③ With the increase of Ca2+, P concentrations under 5∶1 of Ca/P ratio, plant height, leaf width and photosynthetic pigment content increased, MDA content decreased, while there is no significant changes in Pro content and SOD activity. ④ With the increase of Ca2+ concentrations under the the same P concentration, contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid, SOD activity decreased. ⑤ According to the comprehensive evaluation of membership function, the suitable concentrations of Ca and P for the growth of L. multiflorum were 50 and 10 mg·kg-1, respectively. The present research provided a theoretical basis for the cultivation of L. multiflorum and its mechanism responding to calcium and phosphorus.