新疆野生无芒雀麦染色体倍性的研究

新疆各地区无芒雀麦种质资源丰富,为选择理想倍性育种材料,本研究以18份无芒雀麦为供试材料,用醋酸洋红染色法统计奇台野生无芒雀麦BL-01根尖染色体数目为28条,依据染色体组基数是7,确定其为四倍体(2n=4x=28)。运用流式细胞仪以奇台BL-01材料叶片的相对核DNA含量峰值为参照,测定18份供试材料的G1期、S期和G2期及变异系数,计算出各材料的细胞周期值,旨在快速鉴定无芒雀麦不同群体的染色体倍性。研究结果表明,18份无芒雀麦种质材料中有四倍体和八倍体两种倍性,其中四倍体共12份、八倍体共6份,对品种乌苏1号流式细胞仪鉴定结果为八倍体。

Detection of chromosome ploidy level of wild Bromus inermis in Xinjiang Province

There are abundant Bromus inermis germplasm resources in Xinjiang Province, China. In order to select breeding materials with compatible ploidy levels, 18 accessions of B. inermis were collected from different localities. The chromosome number was microscopically determined as 28, using acetic acid magenta staining of root tip samples in a wild B. inermis accession (BL-01) from Qitai. As the basic chromosome number of B. inermis is 7, BL-01 was determined to be tetraploid (2n=4x=28). In order to quickly identify the ploidy level of other populations of B. inermis, flow cytometry was employed, and the peak value of relative nuclear DNA content in the leaves of BL-01 was used as reference. The G1, S and G2 phases and variation coefficients of the 18 accessions were used to calculate the cell cycle values of each. It was found that there were 12 tetraploid and 6 octaploid accessions (one of the Octaploids being ‘Wusu No.1’) among the 18 accessions tested.