新型尿素对冬小麦产量及氮素吸收利用的影响

为明确新型尿素在冬小麦的应用效果，采用田间试验，研究了普通尿素（Urea）、控失尿素（LC Urea）、海藻酸尿素（H Urea）、聚能网尿素（N Urea）、含锰尿素（Mn Urea）、控失尿素一次施肥（LC Urea 1）、普通尿素+等量锰（Urea+Mn）和不施肥（CK）对冬小麦产量、叶片SPAD、叶片光合生理特性和氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明，LC Urea和H Urea处理较Urea处理的小麦拔节期叶片SPAD分别显著提高1500%和1300%，灌浆期净光合速率分别显著增加3304%和2076%，气孔导度分别显著提高2609%和2174%，氮素积累量分别显著增加1439%和1236%，氮肥利用率分别提高4575%和3902%。N Urea和Mn Urea处理与Urea处理的产量无显著差异，LC Urea和H Urea处理较Urea处理显著增产1449%和1333%。控失尿素和海藻酸尿素能够有效提高穗数，改善冬小麦光合生理特性，促进氮素吸收利用，提高冬小麦产量和氮肥利用率，可在豫北潮土区推广应用。

Effects of New type Urea on Yield,Nutrient Absorption and Utilization of Winter Wheat

In order to reveal the application effect of new type urea in winter wheat planting, field experiment was conducted and 8 treatments including the application with common urea (Urea), controlled release urea (LC Urea), alginic acid urea (H Urea), density network urea (N Urea), Mn urea (Mn Urea), single basal fertilization of controlled release urea(LC Urea 1), common urea and equal amount of Mn to treatment Mn Urea (Urea+Mn) and no nitrogen fertilizer (CK) were set up, the effects of different nitrate treatments on yield, leaf SPAD value, photosynthetic physiological characteristics, nitrogen absorption and utilization of winter wheat were investigated. Compared with common urea, the leaf SPAD values at jointing stage were increased by 1500% and 1300%, respectively, in LC Urea and H Urea treatments. At filling stage, the net photosynthetic rate of LC Urea and H Urea treatments were increased by 3304% and 2076% than that in Urea treatment, respectively; and their stomatal conductance were significantly increased by 2609% and 2174%, respectively; their nitrogen accumulation amount were increased by 1439% and 1236%, respectively; their nitrogen use efficiency were increased by 4575% and 3902%, respectively. The grain yield of LC Urea and H Urea treatments were increased than that of Urea treatment by 1449% and 1333%, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in grain yield between N Urea, Mn urea and Urea treatments. Additionally, treatments of LC Urea and H Urea could effectively increase the number of panicles, and improve the photosynthetic physiological characteristics, promote nitrogen uptake and utilization, increase yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat. Therefore, the application of controlled release urea and alginic acid urea could be widely used in tidal soil area of North Henan.