高粱与旱稻属间杂交部分遗传物质导入的F_3及BC_1表型鉴定

以高粱(S.BICOLOR)为母本、旱稻(O.SATIVA)为父本进行属间杂交,F1出现双亲没有的短芒和黄色柱头新性状,并能在F2、F3及BC1稳定遗传。F3在株高、穗长、穗型、分蘖性等性状上仍疯狂分离,并出现父本白色籽粒单株。BC1在株高、分蘖二性状上接近父本,回交效应非常明显,T测定无差异,并出现多子房新性状。高梁与旱稻杂交及回交,能创造变异,产生新性状,对创造矮秆、优质、多子房新种质十分有效。然而,二者杂交后代主体性状仍似母本,只表现父本少数性状,属于部分遗传物质导入。

PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTIAL GENETIC MATERIAL TRANSFER IN F_3 AND BC_1 HYBRIDS DERIVED FROM THE GENERIC CROSS OF SORGHUM AND UPLAND RICE

A generic hybridization of both cross and backcross has been made between sorghum(S.bicolor) and upland rice(O.sativa).Two new characters,tip awn and yellow stigma not observed in parents,presented in F_1 and could be inherited stably to F_2,F_3 and BC_1 generation.Wild segregation did happen on the characters of plant height(PH),head length(HL),head type(HT) and tillers/plant(TP) and plants with white color seeds same to the male were also observed in F_3.There was no difference for the characters of PH and TP between BC_1 and the male confirmed by t-test,indicating the obvious effect of backcross on them.Multi-ovaries were also recorded in the generation of BC_1.Results proved that the cross and backcross could induce variation and could generate new characters,being effective to develop germplasm with short stalk,high quality and multiple ovaries.Main characteristics of offspring similar to the female and a few characters similar to the male implied that only partial male's genetic material transferred to progenies in the cross.