Breeding system and its consequence on fruit set of a rare sand dune shrub Eremosparton songoricum(Fabaceae:Papilionoideae):implications for conservation |
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Authors: | DaoYuan ZHANG Xiang SHI JianCheng WANG HuiLiang LIU John F GASKIN |
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Affiliation: | 1.Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;2.Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan 838008, China;3.Forestry College, College of Agriculture in Shihezi University, Shihezi 832011, China;4.USDA Agricultural Research Service, Sidney, Montana 59270, USA |
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Abstract: | The breeding system and its consequence on fruit set of Eremosparton songoricum(Litv.) Vass.,a rare shrubby legume occurring in moving or semi-fixed sand dunes of Central Asian deserts,were examined by manipulative experiments and observational studies in natural populations during the period of 2007-2009.The results showed that E.songoricum exhibits a mixed mating system.It is self-compatible,but depends strictly on pollinators to set fruits.Only two effective pollinators were detected and they triggered the specialized pollination mechanism(a ’brush type’ and ’tripping mechanism’).Geitonogamy becomes predominant in natural populations,because(74.5±1.3)% of visiting activity happened within or between inflorescences and(24.3±1.4)% occurred between ramets.As a result,inbreeding depression caused by geitonogamous selfing inevitably happened under natural conditions,showing 2.36 times less fruit set than was achieved by hand cross-pollination.The results explained the rarity of the species due to its breeding system,and will assist to develop suitable conservation strategies in severe desert environments. |
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Keywords: | geitonogamy inbreeding depression inland sand dunes self-fertilization pollen brush tripping mechanism |
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