基于不同空间插值法的黄海和东海北部游泳动物多样性空间分布研究

物种多样性空间分布是生态学研究的重要内容之一，空间插值法在该领域应用广泛。本研究以2017年5月黄海和东海北部游泳动物多样性为例，选取种类数(S)、Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和Margalef丰富度指数(d)来衡量该海域物种多样性，应用反距离加权法(Inverse distance weighted, IDW)、径向基函数法(Radial basis function, RBF)、局部多项式法(Local polynomial interpolation, LPI)、普通克里格法(Ordinary kriging, OK)和协同克里格法(Ordinary cokriging, COK)对上述4种多样性指数进行插值，通过jackknife检验的方法选择适合每种多样性指数的空间插值法。结果表明，对于4种多样性指数，COK结果均最好，而其他4种方法精度较低，且差别不大。COK预测结果表明，S和d都呈现出东南部高，北部次之，中部最低的格局。H′和J也是中部最低，在南部和北部海域差异不大。4种多样性指数在32?N以南海域的高值区范围大致相同。COK可以作为黄海和东海北部游泳动物多样性空间插值的方法。

Study of the Distribution of Nekton Diversity Base on Spatial Interpolation Methods in the Yellow Sea and North East China Sea

The distribution of species diversity is one of the important issues in ecological research. Although spatial interpolation has been widely used in this research. Taking the diversity of nekton in the Yellow Sea and north East China Sea in May 2017 as an example, the species number (S), Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H''), Pielou evenness index (J), and Margalef richness index (d) were selected to evaluate the distribution of species diversity in the sea area. We applied inverse distance weighted (IDW), radial basis function (RBF), local polynomial interpolation (LPI), ordinary kriging (OK), and ordinary cokriging (COK) methods to the above four species diversity indices, and we selected the spatial interpolation method suitable for each species diversity index by the jackknife method. The results showed that COK had the best results for the four species diversity indices with the highest accuracy. The accuracy of the other four methods had little difference and was low. The COK prediction results revealed that both S and d showed an obviously high pattern in the southeast, followed by the north; the lowest pattern was observed in the middle. H'' and J were also lowest in the middle, but the difference between the southern and northern sea was negligible in both these indices, and the reasons need to be further explored. The four diversity indices were roughly the same in the high value area of the south of 32°N. The results showed that COK can be used as a spatial interpolation method for nekton diversity in the Yellow Sea and northern East China Sea.