控制灌水对梨幼树枝条生长和成花的影响

以3年生梨幼树为试材,研究了4种不同灌水处理对梨幼树枝条生长和花芽形成的影响。结果表明,在冬季一次灌水(250m~3/亩)的基础上,减少土壤供水可有效地控制新梢长度和粗度,缓和树势,增加花芽数量。减少土壤供水可使幼树总生长量轻微下降,主干生长减弱,树冠长梢比例下降,中、短梢比例增加,单位主干横截面积上的花芽数明显增加。生长季节控制灌水,可节约灌水量、扩大灌溉面积、并能促使梨幼树早期结果。

EFFECTS OF CONTROLLED IRRIGATION ON SHOOT GROWTH AND FLOWER BUD FORMATION IN YOUNGPEAR TREES

The effects of four different irrigated treatments on shoot growth and flewer bud formation were studied in 3-year-old pear trees (cv. Ping Guo Pear, Shen Bu Zhi Pear). It was shown that the shoot length and thickness were effectively restraned by reduced soil water suppply under the condition of irrigation once in last winter (250m~3/mu). The amout of flower buds of individual plant increased as the soil moisture decreased. The growth volume of the young trees decreased lightly as the water supply decreased. The growth of the trunks were weakened by reduced soil water supply. The proportion of long shoots in the crown decreased and the proportion of medium and short shoots increased as the soil moisture decreased. The amount of flower buds percross-section of the trunks increased as the soil moisture decreased. Controlling irrigation during the growing seasons was one of the most important practices to bear fruit earliar in young pear trees.