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Assessing the Oxidative Stress Induced by Paracetamol Spiked in Artificial Sediment on Hyalella azteca |
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| Authors: | Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván Nadia Neri-Cruz Marcela Galar-Martínez Patricia Vieyra-Reyes Sandra García-Medina Celene Razo-Estrada Octavio Dublán-García Alba Yadira Corral-Avitia |
| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratorio de Toxicolog??a Ambiental, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Qu??mica, Universidad Aut??noma del Estado de M??xico, Toluca, Mexico 5. Laboratorio de Toxicolog??a, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Aut??noma del Estado de M??xico, Paseo Col??n intersecci??n Paseo Tollocan, s/n. Col. Residencial Col??n, Toluca, Estado de M??xico, C.P. 50120, Mexico 2. Laboratorio de Toxicolog??a Acu??tica, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol??gicas, Instituto Polit??cnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico 3. Laboratorio de Neurofisiolog??a de la Conducta, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut??noma del Estado de M??xico, Toluca, Mexico 4. Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias Biom??dicas, Universidad Aut??noma de Ciudad Ju??rez, Ciudad Ju??rez, Mexico |
| Abstract: | Paracetamol is an antipyretic analgesic widely used globally. It has been recurrently found in water bodies and is known to elicit toxic effects in aquatic species; however, its potential ability to induce oxidative stress in sentinel species remains unknown The objective was to establish a methodology to evaluate the toxicity elicited on the sentinel species Hyalella azteca by paracetamol-enriched sediment using oxidative stress tests. Concentrations used in assays were determined using the previously obtained median lethal concentration (72?h LC50). The following oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated: lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC) in order to determine oxidized protein content, and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). LPO and PCC increased significantly while SOD, CAT, and GPX decreased significantly (p?H. azteca, and the set of tests employed is helpful in evaluating the toxicity of this group of pharmaceuticals on aquatic species. |
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