麦茬处理方式对夏花生播种质量与前期生长及产量的影响

为探讨适合河南省花生夏直播的麦茬处理方式，采用大田试验，研究了麦茬处理方式（平茬、灭茬＋旋耕、灭茬＋犁耙）对夏花生播种质量和生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明，旋耕和犁耙后土壤较虚，播种较深，平茬土壤较紧实，播种较浅，3种麦茬处理方式播种深度虽有显著差异，但基本符合花生播种深度的要求。麦茬处理方式对每2m长的播种穴数影响较小，对每2m长的出苗数影响较大，以旋耕处理2m内出苗株数最少。苗期花生株高、单株鲜重均以平茬处理最高；花针期株高、单株鲜重和单株干重以犁耙处理最高。花生产量以犁耙处理最高，平茬产量较低。综合而言，以小麦秸秆用粉碎机械灭茬、再犁地耙平后机播的麦茬处理方式增产效果最佳。

Effects of Wheat Stubble Treatments on Sowing Quality,Early Growth and Yield of Summer Peanut

To discuss the suitable stubble treatment for summer peanut of Henan, a field experi- ment was conducted to study the effect of different stubble treatments （stubble, rotary tillage and stubble-cleaning, rake and stubble-cleaning） on sowing quality, growth and yield of summer peanut. The results showed that after the rotary tillage and rake of soil, it was more loosened with a deeper sowing, but after the stubble treatment the soil was more compact with a shallower sowing. Although the sowing depth of three stubble treatments showed significant differences, all were just met the bas- ic requirements of the sowing depth. Stubble treatment had a smaller impact on the number of the planting hole per 2m long, but had a larger influence on the number of the seedling emergence per 2m long. The rotary tillage treatment had the least number of the seedling emergence within 2m long. Plant height and fresh weight per plant of the stubble treatment were the highest. Plant height in the pegging stage, fresh weight per plant and dry weight per plant of the rake treatment were the highest The yield of peanut was the highest by the rake treatment, but it was lower by the stubble treatment Overall, the treatment that sowing peanut with a machine after plowing and raking the soil which was stub ble-cleaning after the wheat straw was crushed had the best results of the increase in production of peanut.