池养线纹尖塘鳢苗种生长、食性与培育研究

目的]研究鱼苗的生长与食性变化,研制相应的生产流程与设施。方法]依据苗种的习性与食性,对鱼苗进行"培水"与饵料的投放,详细地观察池养线纹尖塘鳢鱼苗的摄食与生长变化。结果]孵化3d后的鱼苗进入混合营养期,孵化5d后的鱼苗体长4.11mm;进入外源营养期,鱼苗的开口饵料以小型轮虫和藻类为主;孵化20d后的鱼苗体长10.76mm,以枝角类为主要饵料;孵化30d后的鱼苗体长15.62mm,能很好地摄食人工投喂的水丝蚓;鱼苗具明显的昼夜摄食节率,以16:00～20:00时摄食活动最强烈。建立了鱼苗全长(L)与日龄(D)的关系式;鱼苗体重(W)与日龄(D)的关系式;鱼苗个体间的生长速度有一定的差异性。池塘培育期间,以放养密度130～150尾/m2,经40～55d培育至规格3.1～4.1cm的商业性苗种,其成活率达35.3%。结论]线纹尖塘鳢是塘鳢科中生长较快的鱼类,具有广阔的养殖前景。

Study on the Growth,Feeding Habits and Culture of Pond-reared Oxyeleotris lineolatus Fry

Objective] The research aimed to study the changes of fry growth and feeding habits and develop the corresponding production flow and establishments.Method] According to the behaviors and feeding habits of fry,water-culture and dropping food were conducted on fish fry to observe the feeding and growth changes of pond-reared Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in detail.Result] The fry of O.lineolatus entered the mixed nutrition stage on the 3rd day after hatching and the body length of fry was 4.11 mm on the 5th day after hatching.In exogenous nutrition stage,the small-sized rotifers and algae were main weaning bait for fry.The body length of fry was 10.76 mm on the 20th day after hatching,with the Cladocera as main baits.Fry with the body length of 15.62 mm could take artificial Limnodrilus on the 30th day after hatching.Fry had obvious diurnal rhythmicity of feeding,with the feeding activities at 16:00～20:00 being most intense.Established the relationship between the full length of fry(L) and day age(D) and that between the body weight of fry(W) and day age(D).The growth rates had certain differences among fry individuals.In pond-reared stage,when fry with the stocking density of 130～150 fishes /m2 were grown up to 3.1～ 4.1 cm commercial fingerlings after culturing for 40 ～55 d,the survival rate reached 35.3%.Conclusion] O.lineolatus is a kind of Eleotridae fish with more rapid growth rate and has greater breeding prospects.