枸杞炭疽病菌生物学特性研究

笔者研究了环境条件对枸杞炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz)营养生长、分生孢子产生与萌发的影响, 同时, 对其致死温度进行了测定。结果为: 该菌营养生长和孢子产生的温度范围均为10~35 ℃, 最适生长和产孢温度为30 ℃; 在pH 3~10的范围内该菌均能生长和产孢, 营养生长最适pH为5~6, 分生孢子产生最适pH为3~4; 光照处理对该菌营养生长无显著影响, 但对孢子产生略有促进作用; 该菌在含有葡萄糖、蔗糖和麦芽糖的培养基上能良好生长, 且产孢量大。分生孢子萌发的最适温度为30 ℃; 最适pH为7 0; 光照条件对孢子萌发无影响; 分生孢子在1%麦芽糖液滴中萌发率最高; 饱和湿度下和水滴中分生孢子萌发最好。致死温度为60 ℃30 min或65 ℃5 min。

Studies on the Biological Characteristics of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz on Chinese Wolfberry

Effects of environmental conditions on the mycelial growth, sporulation, conidial germination of Collectotrichum gloeosporioides Penz were studied and its lethal temperature was detected. The results showed that the temperature ranging from 10 ℃ to 35 ℃ was available for the mycelial growth and sporulation of Collectotrichum gloeosporioides, but the optimum temperature was 30 ℃.This pathogen could possess the ability to grow and generate spores under pH 3 to pH 10, while the optimum of mycelial growth was pH5 to pH6 and the optimum of sporulation was pH 3 to pH 4,respectively. Treatments of darkness, fluorescent light and alternative fluorescent light displayed no significant effect on the mycelial growth, but could promote sporulation slightly. Collectotrichum gloeosporioides Penz could get a normal mecylial growth and generate numerous spores on the medium containing glucose, sucrose and maltose.(30 ℃) and pH 7.0 were the optimum conditions for the conidial germination while light conditions had no influence on it. The solution containing 1% maltose, in water or in RH 100% were the best for the conidial germination and the conidial could get the highest germination rate. The lethal temperature for this pathogen was 60℃ remaining 30 minutes or 65℃ remaining 5 minutes.