辽宁西部旱地农业土壤的主要问题分析

对辽宁西部旱作农业土壤的主要问题进行分析。结果表明,该区土壤主要存在旱、薄、瘦三大问题,在有限的降水中,陆地蒸发和径流损失占总降水量的74.6%;不同作物农田土壤的平均耕层厚度为16.08 cm,比我国土壤平均耕层厚度(16.50 cm)低0.42 cm;按国家的土壤养分分级标准,辽宁西部旱农区多数旱地土壤的有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量在5级以下,辽西土壤问题十分严峻。该区的土壤问题直接影响着粮食产量,从辽宁西部土壤环境入手,分析辽西旱地农业的主要问题,并找寻解决的方法,对辽西地区农业环境改善及经济增长有着指导性的意义。

Analysis on the Main Problems in Dryland Farming Soil in Western Liaoning

The existing dryland farming soil problems in westem liaoning were analyzed.The results show that there exist three problems such as drought,thin soil,and poor nutrient in dryland cropping of western Liaoning.In limited rainwater resources,evaporation and runoff account for 74.6 percent of total rainfall.Average cultivated thickness of different cropland soil has 16.08 cm,which is 0.42 cm lower than average cultivated thickness 16.50 cm in China.According to soil nutrient content grading rules,soil organic content,active N,P and K in most dryland cropping are lower than grade 5.The problem is very serious.The soil problem of the area has direct influence on grain yield.Based on the analysis of the soil environment in western Liaoning to analyze the main problems and to find the solution in dryland agriculture,is of importance to agricultural environment and economy in western Liaoning province.