遮光对大棚黄瓜生长、花果及产量影响试验

为了明确上海地区弱光对大棚黄瓜生育及产量的影响,根据2012年5~7月黄瓜4个遮光处理的田间试验资料,应用数理统计分析方法得到如下结果:(1)遮光处理黄瓜单株绿叶数较对照明显减少;遮光14d处理黄瓜单株叶面积明显减少,28d处理的叶面积,在遮光开始日起的第50天反小于遮光处理前;遮光使黄瓜的叶长和叶宽变小、植株变矮。(2)7、14、21d和28d遮光处理的黄瓜单株开花数比对照分别减14%、19.9%、30.1%和39.7%,黄瓜落花落果率较对照分别上升7.2%、22.9%、29.8%和31.6%,黄瓜单株采果数较对照分别减少21.6%、42.3%、55.9%和63.1%,遮光影响果实增长,延长座果到采收时间。(3)黄瓜单株产量随遮光日数增加明显下降,7、14、21d和28d遮光处理的单株产量分别比对照低21.6%、45.9%、67.6%和67.6%。研究结果为上海地区大棚黄瓜的连阴雨灾害预警、预估和评估提供技术依据。

Effect of Shadow Condition on the Growth,Fruit and Yield in Greenhouse Cucumber

To investigate the effect of shadow condition on the growth, fruit and yield in greenhouse cucumber in Shanghai area,the experiment data of cucumber growth treated with shading durations of 7, 14,21 and 28 days from May to July, 2012 were collected and analyzed. The results showed that. （1） the number of green leaves per plant under shading treatment was significantly less than the control group. The leaf area per plant in the cucumber with 14 d shading treatment decreased significantly, but leaf area per plant treated for 28 d, on the 50th day after shading was lower than the control. Shading treatment decreased the height, leaf length and width of cucumber; （2）Compared with the control, Shading treatment of 7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d decreased the number of flowers per plant by 14%,19. 9%,30. 1% and 39. 7%, increased the flower and fruit drop rate per plant by 7. 2%,22. 2%, 29. 8% and 31. 6%, reduced the numbers of fruit per plant by 21.6% ,42.3% ,55.9% and 63.1% ,respectively. Shading treatment affected the growth of fruit and prolonged the fruit harvest period. （3） The yield of cucumber per plant had a significant decrease as the length of shading period increased. Cucumber yield of 7 d, 14 d, 21 d and 28 d shading treatment decreased by 21. 6~, 45. 9G, 67. 6G and 67. 6~ comparing with the control. The investigation results provided technical basis for predicting and assessing rain disaster for greenhouse cucumber growth in Shanghai area.