三峡库区典型马尾松林生态系统碳分配格局研究

马尾松林——三峡库区最主要的森林类型之一,对维持区域碳平衡具有非常重要的作用。本文以新田林场40 a～45 a生马尾松林生态系统为研究对象,同时结合铁山坪林场46 a～51 a生马尾松林文献资料,探讨了三峡库区马尾松林生态系统的生物量和碳分配格局。结果表明：马尾松林的总生物量约为140.00 t.hm-2,其中乔木层生物量所占比例大于80.00%。新田林场和铁山坪林场马尾松林生态系统的总碳储量分别为206.28 t.hm-2和197.78 t.hm-2,其中植被层约占1/3,土壤层占2/3。植被层中,乔木层碳储量占绝对优势。土壤层的碳储量主要集中于表层,土壤层碳储量呈现出随深度而降低的规律。与其它地区关于马尾松林的研究相比,年龄相近的林分,三峡库区的马尾松林碳储量偏低。因此,对三峡库区的马尾松林进行合理的经营管理,可能增加其固碳能力。

A Study of Carbon Storage Distribution Patterns of typical Pinus massoniana Forest Ecosystem in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Pinus massoniana forest—one of the most important forest types in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,plays a distinguishing role in maintaining regional carbon balance.Taking Pinus massoniana forest（40 a～45 a） ecosystem in Xintian State Forest Farm for test objects,and according to related literatures of Pinus massoniana forest（40 a～45 a） in Tieshanping State Forest Farm,discussion was made on biomass and carbon distribution patterns in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in this paper.The results showed that the total biomass of Pinus massoniana forest was about 140.00 t·hm-2,the biomass in arbor layer accounted for over 80.00%.The total carbon storage in Pinus massoniana forest ecosystem of Xintian State Forest Farm and Tieshanping State Forest Farm were 206.28 t·hm-2 and 197.78 t·hm-2,respectively.Vegetation layer was 1/3,soil layer was 2/3.Among vegetation layer,the carbon storage was mainly in arbor layer（73.29 t·hm-2 and 76.06 t·hm-2）.The carbon storage of soil layer mainly gathered in the surface,as the soil layer increased,the carbon storage decreased.Compared with studies in other areas,the biomass and carbon storage of Pinus massoniana forest ecosystem in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were lower than those of other Pinus massoniana forests with similar age.Therefore,reasonable management of Pinus massoniana forest in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area might increase its carbon-fixing capacity.