葡萄浆果着色过程的解剖学研究

 １９９８～１９９９年．通过外观观察及利用冰冻切片解剖法对葡萄属植物的１２个种（其中１０个种是起源于中国的野生种）的４３个 株系浆果着色过程进行了研突：结果表明．供试材料中的大多数种的浆果从果买顶部或向阳一侧开始着色．熟时果面色译均匀一致。葡萄果实从表皮与下表皮相邻的几层细胞开始着色，表皮由内向外、下表皮由外向内的顺序着色：多数种的果实表皮细胞稍先于下表皮细胞开始着色。葡萄着色初期表现出不同层次色素细胞间及同一层不同部位的色素细胞间颜色深浅不一的不均衡性；葡萄果实着色过程体现为色素细胞数目不断增多及细胞内色素浓度不断增大的统一；色素细胞由个别出现色素到全体色素细胞都出现色素持续时间较短；就某一色素细胞而言．从其开始着色直到果实成熟色素浓度可能一直在增大．直到果实成熟时达最大。

Anatomy of Vitis Berries During Their Coloring

During the 1998 - 1999, the course of berry coloration and development of the pigmented cells from coloring to ripeness were studied by the freeze-sectioning with 43 clones of 12 Vitis species (10 of them were Chinese wild species). Results of external observation showed that the berries of the most species began coloring from the fruit top surface or the sun-lit surface, and the berry surface color became even-distributed when the berry was ripe. Results of internal observation showed that the pigment cells in some layers between cuticle and sub-cuticle firstly colored, the cuticle colored from inner layers to outer layers while the sub-cuticle from outer to inner, and the cuticle cells began coloring a little earlier than the sub-cuticle ones of the most species. In the beginning of the berry coloring, the cell pigment concentrations among the layers or among the cells in the same layer were different. Both the numbers of the pigmented cells and the cell pigment concentrations increased during the berry coloring, while the former lasted a short time, however, the latter kept increasing from coloring to ripeness, and they reached the highest when the berry was ripe.