嫁接对茄子施用百菌清后的残留量及相关生理生化指标的影响

以野生茄托鲁巴姆（Solanum torvum）为砧木，茄子品种西安绿茄为接穗进行嫁接，测定施用75%百菌清可湿性粉剂（WP）800倍液后嫁接茄和自根茄果实中的农药残留量、生长指标及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明：嫁接茄果实中农药残留量比自根茄降低了32.07%～100.00%，嫁接茄的株高、茎粗、地上部鲜质量、根鲜质量比自根茄分别增加3.82%～24.70%、3.05%～22.47%、11.97%～25.83%、30.95%～57.45%，嫁接茄根系活力、叶片脯氨酸（Pro）含量分别比自根茄增加46.43%～79.41%、14.93%～40.08%|嫁接茄叶片过氧化物酶（POD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性比自根茄分别增加24.36%～42.99%、17.09%～39.15%、12.60%～45.44%，而相对电导率和丙二醛含量则分别比自根茄降低了24.31%～52.22%、22.65%～39.41%。因此，嫁接增强了植株长势，提高了有关酶代谢活性，从而降低了茄子果实中的农药残留量。

Effects of Grafting on Eggplant Growth,Pesticide Residues and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities after Appling Chlorothalonil

The commonly grown eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)cultivar’Xi’anlvqie’was used as scion.It was grafted with eggplant rootstock(Solanum torvum).Pesticide residues in fruit and growth index and antioxidant enzyme activities of grafted eggplants and self-rooted eggplants under the conditions of 75% chlorothalonil WP 800 times liquid application were assayed.The results showed that pesticide residues in fruit to grafted eggplants declined 32.07%-100.00% than the self-rooted control.The plant height,stem diameter,fresh weight of aboveground,fresh weight of root,root activity,proline content(Pro),peroxidase(POD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL)activity of grafted eggplants were all higher than the self-rooted control by 3.82%-24.70%,3.05%-22.47%,11.97%-25.83%,30.95%-57.45%,46.43%-79.41%,14.93%-40.08%,24.36%-42.99%,17.09%-39.15%,12.60%-45.44%,respectively.The relative conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content were lower comparing with the control by 24.31%-52.22% and 22.65%-39.41%,respectively.Therefore,grafting has physiologically increased eggplant in vivo relevant resistance,thus reduced the pesticide residues in eggplant fruit.