灌水对冬小麦品质和产量的影响

为研究水分对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响，选择鲁麦22和烟农15两个品种，在防雨棚池栽条件下设置了“越冬水＋拔节水＋挑旗水”（处理A）、“越冬水＋拔节水＋挑旗水＋灌浆水”（处理B）和“越冬水＋拔节水＋挑旗水＋麦黄水”（处理C）三种灌水处理，研充不同处理下的冬小麦品质和产量性状的变化.结果表明：（1）不同灌水处理对两个冬小麦品种品质性状的影响趋势一致。浇灌浆水的（处理B）对两品种的籽粒容重、出粉率、湿面筋含量、沉淀值和粉质仪指标均无明显影响，但浇麦黄水（处理C）后两品种籽粒的容重、出粉率、湿面筋含量、沉淀值均显著降低，粉质仪指标也显著变劣；（2）不同灌水处理对两个冬小麦品种产量性状的影响不同：鲁麦22的粒重和籽粒产量均以处理B最高，处理A次之，处理C最低；烟农15粒重和籽粒产量表现为处理A与处理B无显著差异，处理C则显著降低。

Effect of Irrigation on Flour Quality and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat

In order to study the effect of moisture on flour quality and grain yield and to choose the proper irrigation time and quantity index, we conducted an experiment of three irrigation treatments in a field with rain shelter.Treatments A: Irrigation at wintering,jointing,and flagging stage of wheat;Treatments B: Irrigation at wintering,jointing,flagging and grain filling stage of wheat;Treatments C: Irrigation at wintering,jointing,flagging and maturing stage of wheat.Two winter wheat cultivars Lumai 22 and Yannong 15 were used.The results showed that,(1)The flour quality of the two winter wheat cultivars exhibited the same patterns in response to irrigation treatments. There were no differences in grain test weight,flour extracted,wet gluten content,sedimendation volume and farinograph index between treatments A and B,while these index were significantly decreased under treatments C.(2) The grain yield and yield components of the two cultivars showed different responsive patterns to irrigation treatments.The highest grain weight and grain yield for Lumai 22 were achieved under treatment B,while these yield index for Yannong 15 were not different between treatment A and B.In contrast,the grain weight and grain yield for both Lumai 22 and Yangnong 15 were significantly decreased under treatments C.In conclusion,treatments A provided an important reference for moisture regulation in winter wheat field management.