欧李不同类型枝条生长结果的差异及丰产形态指标

欧李是我区的一种野生果树,人工栽培尚属首例。本文以人工栽培的3年生欧李为试材,调查了株丛内不同类型枝条的生长量、粗度、成花数、座果率和单枝产量。结果表明:欧李不同类型枝条生长结果差异很大,以基生枝生长结果最佳,是欧李株丛的主要结果枝。提出了欧李的丰产形态指标为。欧李以带状栽植的方式为好,每带3行,带内密度1.0×1.5m,带间距离2.0m;每株丛结果枝数15个,其中基生枝11～12个,2年生枝3～4个;基生枝粗度0.40cm 以上,1级枝粗度0.25cm 以上;每年选留和培养新的基生枝12～15个作为更新枝。

Differences in Growth and Fruiting of Different Shoots and the Bumper Harvest Tree Form in Prunus humilis

Prunus humilis is a wild fruit tree found in Inner Mongolia.This paper reports the first case of its domestic cultivation.Three years old cultivated plants were selected for assessing the following traits:shoot growth,shoot diameter,flower-bearing capacity,fruit-setting percentage and fruiting yield in different shoot categories.The results showed that there were obvious differences between shoot categories in terms of their growth and fruiting performances.The basal shoots performed the best,consisting of the main fruiting structures in Prunus humilis.The suggested cultivation regime is:belt planting,three rows per belt,inter-belt space 2.0m,inter-row space 1.5m and inter-plant space 1.0m.The bumper harvest tree form is:15 fruiting shoots,(11-12 basal shoots,3-4 two years old shoots).The basal shoot has a diameter over 0.40cm,and the primary branch has a diameter over 0.25cm, Selecting 12-15 new basal shoot each year as replacement shoots.