马铃薯田地下害虫危害及药剂防治试验

目的]为马铃薯田地下害虫的防治奠定基础。方法]以郑薯5号为试验材料,选取有代表性的马铃薯田块3~5块,在收获时调查地下害虫种类及马铃薯的被害情况并研究8种供试药剂对马铃薯田地下害虫的防治效果。结果]马铃薯田地下害虫种类主要有华北蝼蛄、金针虫、地老虎、网目拟地甲、蛴螬等,在春季主要以地老虎、金针虫、蝼蛄为主,分别占调查虫量的42.07%、20.73%、20.73%,蛴螬占10.98%,网目拟地甲占5.49%。在参试药剂中,用虫情指数和块茎被害率评价防治效果,10%吡虫啉WP对马铃薯田地下害虫防治效果较好。用虫情指数计算防治效果更能反映马铃薯实际被害的情况。结论]吡虫啉是较为理想的马铃薯田地下害虫防治药剂。

Underground Pest Damage and Chemical Control Experlment in Potato Field

Objective] The aim was to lay the foundation for the control of underground pests in potato field.Method] In selected 3-5 representative potato fields with Zhengshu 5 as tested material,the underground pest species and the injured situation of potato were investigated at harvest and the control effects of 8 kinds of tested medicaments on the underground pests in potato field were studied.Result] The underground pest species in potato field was mainly Gryllotalpa unispina,(Pleonomus canaliculatus and Melanotus caudex),(Agrotis ypsilon and Agrotis segetum),Gonocephalum reticulatum,(Holotrichia Parallela,Anomala carpulenta and Holotrichia obeita),and in spring with(A.ypsilon,A.segetum),(P.canaliculatus,M.caudex) and Gryllotalpa unispina as the main,which was 42.07%,20.73% and 20.73% of the investigated quantities of pests,resp.,(H.Parallela,A.carpulenta and H.obeita) was 10.98% and G.reticulatum was 5.49%.The control effect was evaluated with pest index and tuber damaged rate and the control effect of 10% Imidacloprid WP on the underground pests in potato field was better in the tested chemicals.The control effect calculated by pest index could reflect the actual injured situation of potato.Conclusion] The Imidacloprid was an ideal chemical for the control of underground pests in potato field.