喀斯特山区生态足迹与可持续发展研究——以安顺市为例

[目的]研究喀斯特山区的生态足迹及可持续发展。[方法]利用喀斯特山区安顺市2008年的统计数据,对安顺市生态足迹进行计算,从供需平衡状况定量分析了安顺市生态系统的可持续发展状况,并提出了减少生态赤字和实现喀斯特山区土地可持续利用的对策。[结果]安顺市2008年人均生态承载力仅为0.447 8 hm2/cap,而人均生态足迹需求为2.309 0 hm2/cap,人均生态赤字较大,为1.861 2 hm2/cap,属于严重的生态赤字区。安顺市对环境的影响已经大大超出了其生态承载能力的范围,自然资源的供给已不能完全满足人们的需要,难于支撑该区域的可持续发展需要。可通过改变安顺市人们的生产和生活消费方式,建立资源节约型社会生产消费体系;依靠科技进步,改进生产工艺,采用高新技术,提高资源的利用效率,发展循环经济等途径,实现喀斯特山区土地可持续利用。[结论]该研究为喀斯特山区的可持续发展提供了理论依据。

Study on Ecological Footprints and Sustainable Development in Karst Area

[Objective] The aim was to study the ecological footprint and sustainable development in Karst Area.[Method] By dint of statistical data of Anshun City in 2008,the ecological footprint of Anshun City was calculated.The sustainable development of ecological system in Anshun City was analyzed from the angle of balance of supply and demand.[Result] The per capita ecological capacity was 0.447 8 hm2 in 2008,per capita ecological footprint was 2.362 0 hm2,and ecological surplus of deficit was 1.914 2 hm2.It meant the EF of the present region in terms of human activities had already exceeded the benchmark of system ecological carrying capacity.The supply of natural resources can’t fully meet people’s needs,and land use was unsustainable.The sustainable development of Karst area can be realized through changing people’s production and life consumption model,building resources-saving social productive consumption system,depending scientific and technological development,improving production technology,using new technology,improving resources utilization effect and developing recycle economy.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for sustainable development in Karst area.