农地股份合作制发展模式·特征及其启示

介绍和分析了国内主流的3种农地股份制模式——社区经营型(南海模式)、集体租赁型(宁夏平罗模式)和联合经营型(浙江建德模式)的运作机制,归纳了当前我国农地股份合作制的几点特征:一是坚持农村土地集体所有制和家庭联产承包责任制不变;二是保障农民土地承包权益;三是农业生产经营规模化;四是农民合作组织运作规范化。指出我国农地股份合作制发展中存在技术落后、资金短缺等问题。最后提出要发展我国农地股份合作制,应充分借鉴国外先进经验,积极尝试农村土地证券化等新型模式,探索一条适合当前我国国情的农地发展道路。

Enlightenment on Development Model and Characteristics of Rural Joint-stock Cooperative System

We introduce and analyze operating mechanism of three major rural joint-stock cooperative systems in China,including community type(Nanhai model),collective leasing type(Ningxia Pingluo model) and joint operating type(Zhejiang Jiande model).Current rural joint-stock cooperative system has following characteristics.Firstly,adhere to the collective ownership and household contract responsibility system in rural areas.Secondly,ensure farmers’ land contract rights and interests.Thirdly,implement large-scale agricultural production and operation.Fourthly,carry out normative operation of farmers’ cooperatives.On the basis of these,we point out such problems as backward technology and short of funds in development of rural land joint-stock cooperative system.Finally,we conclude that the development of rural land joint-stock cooperative system should fully draw lessons from foreign advanced experience,actively try new model like securitization of rural land,to explore a road suitable for current national conditions.