4种化学药物诱导油菜雄性不育的效果研究

目的]通过4种化学药物对甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)进行杀雄效果试验,考察其诱导油菜雄性不育的效果。方法]甘蓝型油菜设小区种植,4种药物WP、PCJ、SBS、BM不同浓度定期喷洒,调查花粉生活力及育性,分析4种药物对油菜诱导雄性不育效果。结果]铁醋酸洋红液染色鉴别花粉存活情况、培养基离体培养测试花粉萌发能力以及油菜植株育性调查上结果显示一致:WP诱导雄性不育效果比较彻底,PCJ、SBS、BM对甘蓝型油菜有一定的杀雄效果,但是杀雄效果不好,杀雄不彻底。WP 4个梯度浓度以1.4 g/L诱导雄性不育效果最好,花粉高度败育,基本没有药害,具有广泛的应用前景。结论]该研究可为高效、稳定、低毒的新型化学杀雄剂的开发及确定其使用的适宜时期、喷施次数、喷施方法等提供科学指导,为优势杂交育种开辟新的途径。

Study on the Effects of Mall Sterility of Rape(Brassica napus L.) Induced by Four Chemical Hybridizing Agents

Objective] The aim was to observe the effects of mall sterility of rape induced by four chemical hybridizing agents.Method] Rapes were planted in plots and was sprayed by four different concentrations drugs(WP,PCJ,SBS,BM) regularly,then survey pollen life force and fertility were investigated to analyze their effects of inducing mall sterility of rape.Result] The results show consistent that WP induces the male sterility of rape thoroughly,while the induced effects of PCJ,SBS,BM are not good.The 1.4 g/L WP induces the male sterility of rape thoroughly and can assure safe production,has the widespread application prospect.Conclusion] The study provides a scientific guidance for developing new types of chemical hybridizing agents with high efficiency,stability,low toxicity and confirming their suitable using time,spraying times and spraying methods,and opening out a new way for heterosis hybridize breeding.