玉米地下滴灌适宜出苗灌水定额试验研究

为探索解决地下滴灌玉米出苗难的问题,通过土箱试验,对内蒙古自治区具有典型代表性的3种土壤,开展了毛管铺设参数(滴头流量、埋深)和灌水定额对地下滴灌湿润半径的影响规律试验,结合玉米播种深度、水分向上及向下运移的距离及种子周围土壤含水量,研究了玉米适宜出苗灌水定额,以提高出苗率,指导实际生产.结果表明:按显著性水平0.05检验,土壤类型和灌水定额均对土壤湿润半径影响具有统计学意义,而滴头流量和埋深对湿润半径影响不具有统计学意义.在黏壤土中,玉米出苗灌水定额37.5~52.5 mm基本可满足毛管埋深25~35 cm的出苗要求;在壤土中,玉米出苗灌水定额37.5 mm左右基本可满足毛管埋深25~30 cm的出苗要求,灌水定额52.5 mm左右基本可满足埋深30~35 cm的出苗要求;在砂壤土中,灌水定额22.5~37.5 mm基本可满足毛管埋深约25 cm的玉米出苗要求,灌水定额52.5 mm基本可满足毛管埋深25~35 cm的玉米出苗要求.

Experimental study on suitable irrigation quota for emergence of maize under subsurface drip irrigation

The effects of capillary operational parameters(dripper flow, buried depth)and irrigation quota on the wetting radius of subsurface drip irrigation for three typical soils in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region were experimented by using soil box to explore solutions to the problem of difficult emergence of maize under subsurface drip irrigation. Combined with the sowing depth of maize seeds and the distances of water moving upward and downward as well as the soil water content around the seeds, a proper irrigation quota for the maize was studied to improve the emergence rate and guide actual production. The results show that the irrigation quota and soil type have statistics significance on the wetting radius(P<0.05), but the dripper flow and buried depth have not. In the clay soil, the irrigation quota of 37.5-52.5 mm can basically meet the requirement of maize emergence when the capillary is buried at a depth in 25-35 cm. In the loam soil, the irrigation quota of about 37.5 mm can basically meet the requirement of 25-30 cm capillary depth, while the irrigation quota of about 52.5 mm can essentially meet the requirement of 30-35 cm capillary depth. In the sandy loam soil, the irrigation quota of about 22.5-37.5 mm can basically meet the requirement of 25 cm capillary depth, and the irrigation quota of about 52.5 mm can basically meet the requirement of 25-35 cm depth.