校园不同功能区植物群落结构与环境舒适度关系分析

选择云南农业大学校园教学科研区和生活休憩区景观绿地中具有代表性的植物群落，以二氧化碳浓度、噪音及温度为环境舒适度评价指标，采用天然群落样方调查法和问卷调查法，分析了植物群落结构与环境舒适度之间的关系，以期为构建合理舒适的人工植物群落提供量化研究参考。结果显示：以单层植物群落结构作为对照组，教学科研区多层植物群落对环境舒适度的改善效果最好：其多样性指数H为1．471、二氧化碳浓度下降5％、噪音下降10％、温度下降15％、环境满意度62％；生活休憩区中双层植物群落对环境舒适度的改善效果最好：其多样性指数H为0．864、二氧化碳浓度下降2％、噪音下降3％、温度下降10％、环境满意度为76％。其中，教学科研区与生活休憩区植物群落结构由单层向双层递进和由双层向多层递进时，表现出环境舒适度与之呈正相关；而生活休憩区植物群落结构在由双层向多层递进时，则没有表现出与环境舒适度之间的正相关性。

Analysis of the Relationships between Plant Communities and Comfort of Natural Environment

By selecting the representative plant communities of the green landscape of sectorization in the campus of Yunnan Agricultural University, and taking the noise, temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide as the evaluation indicators of natural environment, this article uses natural quadrat sampling method and questionnaire survey method, to analyze the relationship between the structure of the plant communities and the natural environment. Through taking the single plant community structure as control group, the results show that the multilayer plant communities in teaching and scientific research area have best improving effects on natural environment which diversity index H is 1. 471, the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases by 5 ~, noise decreases by 10~ temperature decreases by 15~, and the environmental satisfaction is 62~ the double--layer plant communities in life recreation area have the best effects on the natural environment, which diversity index H is 0. 864, the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases by 2 ~/00, noise decreases by 3 0~, temperature decreases by 10 ~, and the environmental satisfaction is 76~. When the structure of plant communities in teaching and scientific research area changes from single layer into double layer and into multilayer, the environmental satisfaction is positively correlated, while that in life recreation area does not show the posive correlation.