黑河中游用水与流域水资源利用的博弈分析

水资源问题一直是影响西北干旱区经济、生态、社会持续发展的限制性因素.黑河流域随着人口增长和社会发展,中游水资源的供需矛盾和下游地区生态恶化的问题呈加剧趋势.通过对影响流域水资源因素的博弈分析,解决中游和下游用水的矛盾.从流域内理性行为主体看,需要借助外界力量的引导,处理好区域经济发展与流域水资源利用和保护的关系;从中游与流域关系看,需要水资源管理部门的介入和中游地区的合作,协调好局部与整体的关系;从政府在流域水资源管理的作用看,政府可以通过制定法律法规、行政管理、改进节水技术和宣传教育等手段来协调流域水资源的供需矛盾,提高水资源利用效率,促进流域水资源的可持续利用.

Game Analysis on Water Supply and Water Resources Utilization in the Middle Reaches of the Heihe River Basin

Issue of water resources is the main factor restricting the economic,ecological and social sustainable development in arid areas in northwest China.With the population growth and the social and economic development in the Heihe River Basin,the contradiction between water supply and demand in the middle reaches and the ecological degeneration in the lower reaches of the Heihe River Basin become more and more serious.After carrying out a game analysis of the factors affecting water resources in the Heihe River Basin,it is considered that,viewing from the aspect of the reasonable subjects in the drainage basin,there is a need of external power to lead and deal with the relations between the regional economic development and the water resources utilization and conservation so as to solve the contradiction of water consumption between the middle and lower reaches;viewing from the aspect of the relations between middle reaches and the whole drainage basin,there are needs of administration of the water resources management departments and the cooperation from the middle reaches so as to coordinate the local and holistic relations;viewing from the aspect of the role of government in managing water resources in the drainage basin,the government can coordinate the contradiction between water supply and demand using the means of laws and regulations,administrative management,water-saving measures,publicity,etc.so as to increase the utilization efficiency and promote the sustainable utilization of water resources in the Heihe River Basin.