二十四个朱顶红品种观赏性状分析及杂交育种研究

以24个朱顶红品种为试材,采用定期观测的方法,研究了不同品种的主要观赏性状以及品种差异对杂交结实率的影响,以期为新的具有自主知识产权的朱顶红品种的选育提供参考依据。结果表明:不同品种间的朱顶红在观赏性状上存在差异,花色主要有大红色、粉色、白色、红白相间等,花类型包括单瓣和重瓣不同品种,部分品种如"白色"和"圣诞快乐",品种间花葶高度相差较大,"白色"花葶长达52.80cm,"圣诞快乐"仅17.69cm,分别可作为切花或盆花选育的良好材料。根据优势互补原则,设计了34个杂交组合,对杂交结果进行了统计,"圣诞快乐""法拉利""红狮"等品种具有良好的杂交结实率,其中"圣诞快乐"作为母本时,有5个杂交组合的结实率均在88.09%以上,是后续杂交育种优良亲本材料。

Research on Ornamental Traits and Hybridization Efficiency of Twenty-four HippeatrumCultivars

Twenty-four Hippeastrum cultivars were used as materials to study the ornamental characteristics and the effects of different varieties on hybridization seed setting rate by periodic observation,in order to provide basis for the breeding of new varieties with independent intellectual property rights.The results showed that there were differences in ornamental charactersistic among different varieties.The flower color included red,pink,white,white and red;flower type covered single or double petals.Some cultivars such as'Trentino'and'Merry Christmas' had great differences on peduncle length,peduncle length of'Trentino'and'Merry Christmas' were 52.80 cm and 17.69 cm respectively,which made them good materials for cut-or pot-flowers.According to the principle of trait specificity and trait complementary,34 hybrid combinations were designed and the results of hybridization were calculated,'Merry Christmas' 'Ferrari'and'Red Lion'had good seed setting rate,when'Merry Christmas' was used as the female parent,the seed setting rate of the 5 crosses were all over 88.09%,and it became good parental materials for the future hybridization breeding.