马尾松不同半同胞家系产脂力、松脂组分分析与评价

目的研究马尾松半同胞家系产脂力和松脂主要组分的遗传变异规律及其相关性，为优质、高产脂马尾松良种的选育提供科学依据。方法以广西南宁市林科所20年生马尾松半同胞家系为研究对象，利用GC-MS气质色谱仪对48个马尾松家系松脂组分进行测定分析。结果结果表明:马尾松产脂力、松脂萜类中α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、长叶烯、石竹烯，树脂酸中左旋海松酸、山达海松酸、枞酸、去氢枞酸、新枞酸的家系效应均极显著，家系遗传力分别为0.654、0.625、0.697、0.532、0.408、0.344、0.575、0.295、0.477、0.648，单株遗传力分别为0.504、0.559、0.624、0.418、0.322、0.269、0.511、0.225、0.378、0.589，受到不同强度的遗传控制；产脂力与松脂萜类及树脂酸主要成分的相关关系不一致，其中产脂力与α-蒎烯、长叶烯呈极显著正相关，与β-蒎烯、石竹烯则为极显著负相关；萜类组分之间，α-蒎烯与β-蒎烯、石竹烯呈显著负相关；产脂力与海松酸型树脂酸呈极显著正相关，与枞酸型树脂酸遗传相关性不显著；萜类与树脂酸主要组分呈显著正相关；树脂酸组分之间，海松酸型与枞酸型树脂酸呈显著正相关。结论在进行家系产脂力及目标松脂组分选择时，发现家系产脂力的排名与α-蒎烯、枞酸、去氢枞酸的排名顺序较为接近，而β-蒎烯、左旋海松酸排名顺序比较接近。可根据不同应用需求展开优良家系的选择。 

Analysis and evaluation of resin productivity and resin component among different half sibling families of Pinus massoniana

ObjectiveThis study aims to provide scientific basis for the selection and breeding of high quality and high yield Pinus massoniana varieties, the genetic variation and correlation of main components of oleoresin and lipid productivity in semi-sib families of Pinus massoniana were studied.MethodPinus massoniana half-sib families of 20 years old in Nanning Forestry Institute of Guangxi were studied. Pinus massoniana oleoresin components in 48 families were determined by GC-MS.ResultThe results showed that highly significant differences in resin productivity and resin contained eight kinds of components, i.e. α-pinene, β-pinene, longifolene, caryophyllene, levopimaric acid, sandaracopimaric acid, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid. The estimated family heritability for them was 0.654, 0.625, 0.697, 0.532, 0.408, 0.344, 0.575, 0.295, 0.477 and 0.648, respectively, with corresponding estimated individual heritability of 0.504, 0.559, 0.624, 0.418, 0.322, 0.269, 0.511, 0.225, 0.378 and 0.589. There was a different intensity genetic correlation between resin productivity, α-pinene and longifolene, while a significant negative genetic correlation between resin productivity, β-pinene and caryophyllene. There was a significant negative genetic correlation between α-pinene, β-pinene and caryophyllene. There was a positive significant genetic correlation between resin productivity and levopimaric acid, while a no-significant genetic correlation between resin productivity and abietic acid. There was a significant genetic correlation between terpene and resin acid.ConclusionIn the family resin-producing capacity and resin component selection, it is found that family resin-producing capacity ranking and alpha pinene, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid ranking approaches, and beta pinene, levopimaric acid ranked relatively close. Superior families can be chosen according to different application needs.