新型农业经营主体技术效率研究综述与展望

新型农业经营主体是促进我国农业产业转型升级的重要推动力,技术效率是衡量培育新型农业经营主体的重要指标。该研究对新型农业经营主体按定义、类型、地区进行分类,将影响新型经营主体技术效率的评价方法进行归纳、总结和评述,展示了目前定义和测算新型农业经营主体技术效率的前沿进展和发展趋势。结果表明:对于以苹果等高价值经济作物为研究对象的新型农业经营主体的研究较少,且大多文献集中于研究主体的某一专业大户、家庭农场或合作社等进行分析论证,鲜有对专业大户、家庭农场、合作社及农业企业进行系统性的分析。因此,该研究指出应对苹果等作物新型农业经营主体技术效率进行分析,苹果作为我国第一农业产业,对经济的发展起到巨大的促进作用。通过对新型农业经营主体影响因素的总结,对新型农业经营主体的发展进程起到指导性作用,并对研究新型农业经营主体在产业发展过程中的作用奠定了坚实的基础。

Review and Prospect on Technical Efficiency of New Agricultural Business Entities

The new agricultural business entities are important driving force to promote the transformation and upgrading of China′s agricultural industry.Technical efficiency is an important indicator to measure and cultivate the new agricultural business entities.New agricultural management subjects according to their definitions,types,and regions was classified.The evaluation methods that affect the technical efficiency of the new agricultural business entities was concluded,summarized and reviewed.It showed the current frontiers and trends in defining and measuring the technical efficiency of the new agricultural business entities.The results showed that there were few researches on the new agricultural business entities such as apples and other high-value economic crops,and most of the literature was focused on the research majors,family farms,or cooperatives.Large-scale households,family farms,cooperatives and agricultural enterprises had systematically analyzed.Therefore,this study pointed out that in response to the analysis of the technological efficiency of new-type agricultural management subjects such as apples.Apple was as China′s first agricultural industry,would play a significant role in promoting economic development.By summarizing the influencing factors of the new agricultural business entities,it would play a guiding role in the development process of the new agricultural business entities,and will lay a solid foundation for the study of the role of the new agricultural business entities in the industrial development process.