填埋场陈垃圾对黑麦草种子发芽的影响

非正规垃圾填埋场的治理和陈垃圾的资源化利用是环保领域一项重要而迫切的任务。选择黑麦草作为试验对象,采用种子发芽的陆生生态毒理方法,研究陈垃圾对植物发芽的影响,以期为陈垃圾利用和非正规垃圾填埋场治理提供一种新的思路。培养基质中陈垃圾的比例分别为20%、80%和100%,使用蒸馏水和土壤作为对照。试验结果表明:陈垃圾的使用能够显著提高黑麦草种子的发芽势和发芽率,但黑麦草种子的发芽势和发芽率随着陈垃圾用量的增加呈现先增大后减小的特征,陈垃圾在培养基质中的最佳比例为80%,与空白和使用土壤作为培养基质相比,发芽率分别提高了34.3%和20.9%,发芽势分别提高了52.0%和24.0%。培养基质中添加陈垃圾有利于黑麦草种子根、芽的发育和生长,在培养基质中陈垃圾的比例为80%的条件下,黑麦草种子的根长、芽长和芽的鲜质量分别比使用土壤时增加了50.0%、46.9%和74.0%。因此,将稳定后的陈垃圾用于草坪种植是可行的,这为陈垃圾的资源化利用提供了一条新的途径。

Effects of Stale Refuse from Informal Landfill on Seed Germination of Lolium perenne L.

There are many informal landfills and informal open-air solid waste dumps in China.Because of the heavy pollutions caused by these landfills and dumps,it is very urgent that these landfills should be restored and the stale refuse should be reused.In this study,Lolium perenne L.was chosen as trial subject,and the effects of stale refuse from informal landfill on seed germination were investigated in order to provide a new approach of stale refuse reuse and informal landfill restoration.The proportions of stale refuse in the culture mediums were 20%,80% and 100%,and distilled water and soil were used as control groups.The results showed that stale refuse could enhance the seed germination percentage and seed germination energy of Lolium perenne L.dramaticlly.The optimal proportion of stale refuse in the culture medium was 80%,and the seed germination percentages were 34.3% and 20.9% higher than the control groups using distilled water and soil respectively.And the germination energy was 52.0% and 24.0% higher than the control groups using distilled water and soil respectively in that condition.Meanwhile,the results showed that stale refuse could enhance the growth of root and sprout remarkably.In the optimal condition,the root length,germinal length and fresh mass of Lolium perenne L.were 50.0%,46.9% and 74.0% higher than the control groups using soil as culture medium respectively.It was concluded that it was feasible to use stale refuse for grass lawn cultivation,and this provided a new choice for the reuse of stale refuse.