生物复混肥对土壤微生物功能多样性及土壤酶活性的影响

在温室盆栽条件下,采用Biolog微平板技术,研究了玉米施用等养分量的无机肥、有机无机复混肥、生物复混肥后土壤微生物群落功能多样性及土壤酶活性的动态变化。结果表明,生物复混肥处理的微生物群落平均颜色变化率(AWCD)、微生物群落Shannon指数(H)、丰富度指数(S)和Shannon均匀度指数(E)均为最高;微生物群落主成分分析表明,不同施肥处理土壤微生物群落碳源利用特征有一定差异,PC1将生物复混肥与其他处理明显区分,生物复混肥处理分布在PC1的正方向,其他处理分布在PC1的负方向;起分异作用的主要碳源有糖类、羧酸类和氨基酸类;土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶活性均以生物复混肥处理最高,分别为72.74mgglucose·g-·1(24h)-1和1.15mgNH3-N·g-1·(3h)-1。研究表明,生物复混肥的施用比等养分量的有机无机复混肥处理能显著提高土壤微生物群落碳源利用率、微生物群落的丰富度和功能多样性,增强土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性。

Effects of Bio-compound Fertilizer on Corn Soil Microbial Community and Enzyme Activities

Fertilization could influence soil physiochemical and biological properties.By the biolog micro-plate technique,this study investigated the effects of bio-compound fertilizer,organic-inorganic fertilizer,inorganic fertilizer at the same nutrient amount of N,P and K on functional diversities of soil microbe communities and soil enzyme activities under corn potted experiment in greenhouse.The substrates of Biolog ECO plate were composed of six types of substances(carbohydrates,carboxylic acids,amino acids,polymers,amines and aromatic chemicals).Principal component analysis was used to show the difference utilization of substrates by soil microbes.The results showed that the Average Well-Color Developments(AWCD),Shannon index(H),Richness index(S)and Shannon evenness index(E)of microbe communities appeared the highest in bio-compound fertilizer treatment.The principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the carbon source use patterns of the soil microbe communities differed to a certain extent under different fertilization treatments,and the bio-compound fertilizer treatment showed positive values on PC1,and the other treatments showed negative values on PC1,and the major carbon sources to determine their differences were carbohydrates,carboxylic acids and amino acids.The soil invertase and urease activities also appeared the highest in bio-compound fertilizer treatment,reaching 72.74 mg glucose·g-1·(24 h)-1 and 1.15 mg NH3-N·g-1·(3 h)-1,respectively.At the same nutrient rates,application of the bio-compound fertilizer could significantly improve the functional diversities of soil microbe communities and increase the soil enzyme activities.